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[11] Previous research indicates that parents�� socioeconomic status (SES) is related to the amount of TV children watch.[2] Among familial characteristics that influence children's physical activity are parents�� education level and income.[20] In general, children from families of higher SES spend less time in front of TV.[2] There have been recent calls to focus on sedentary [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/jq1.html JQ1] activities.[10,11] Unfortunately, as far as we know, there is no documented evidence about the amount of TV watching in Iran, especially in a 3�C5 age-group, and we did not find any study focusing on the extent of the relationship between SES and this behavior among the Iranian children. The majority of few studies conducted in Iran examined the impact of TV watching on violent behavior and academic achievement among children and adolescents.[21,22,23] Because socioeconomic factors can effects on children's TV watching and its health consequences, it is particularly important to examine the association [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/r428.html R428] of these factors with the amount of TV viewing by children as a health-risk behavior. Hence, the primary purpose of our cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between the amount of TV viewing among 3�C5 years and SES. The study took place in Ardakan, Yazd, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nonprobability sample of 188 children (93 boys and 95 girls) was recruited to participate in the study. They ranged in age from 3 to 5 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-64 E-64] years and were visiting the four clinics in Ardakan district, Yazd province, Iran for routine health care checkups. Each child's height (cm) and weight (kg) were measured with a portable stadiometer and a scale, respectively, by health care providers. After obtaining informed consent, a researcher-made questionnaire was administrated to the children's mothers. Content validity of the questionnaire was established by a panel of experts. The questionnaire was designed to collect data on the name of the child, gender, age, number of siblings, daily hours of the child's physical activities, daily hours that the child and his/her parents watched TV, video, satellite programs and/or films on the computer, daily hours that parents spent with the child, and SES of the family, which included parents�� education level and occupation, the size of the house (m2), whether the house had a yard, and if so, could it be used as a playground by the child. The participating children were categorized to five age groups (3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5 years old). The body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) was calculated and plotted on growth charts according to age and sex and compared with a reference population and categorized into four groups: (1) Underweight (BMI for age