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To assess the reliability of the measurements, lateral cephalometric variables and airway dimensions of 15 randomly selected CT scans were remeasured by the same operator a week after the first measurements. A paired t-test detected no statistically significant differences [22]. Random error was estimated using Dahlberg's double determination method [23]. Random errors varied from 0.37 to 2.19?mm in linear measurements, from 9.16 to 33.28?mm2 in area measurements, and from 91.53�C152.82?mm3 in volume measurements. Means and standard deviations for cephalometric, cross-sectional, and volumetric variables were compared by gender. Because no gender differences were found in any measurement, subjects were combined for subsequent analyses. Table?2 shows cephalometric variables for different [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/BEZ235.html Akt inhibitor] groups. There were statistically significant differences between the groups for the ANB, probably because of the different skeletal features of each group. As for SNB, there were significant differences between Class II and III groups, but there were no significant differences in the FMA between groups. Table?3 shows the means and standard deviations of variables for different groups. Statistically significant differences existed among the different groups (p?[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17-Dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin 17-DMAG (Alvespimycin) HCl] groups. There were also significant differences between the groups in terms of Vol-OA, Vol-HA, and Vol-PA values. The highest and lowest volumes were in the Class III and Class II groups, respectively. The Vol-IO values were highest in the Class III group; there was no significant difference between the Class I and Class II groups. Values of L-OA, L-HA and L-PA were not significantly different between Class I and Class II, but the airway of the Class III group was significantly longer than that of Class I. Moreover, compared with Class II, Class III had larger Vol-OA and Vol-HA values, although [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/blu9931.html see more] these differences were not significant. However, the Vol-PA (the sum of Vol-OA and Vol-HA) was significantly larger in Class III than in Class II. Class III subjects also had the largest Min-CSA and L-CSA. Moreover, the mean of L-CSA was bigger than that of L-OP, closer to the L-PA than to the L-OP, and was usually positioned in the lower hypopharyngeal region. Class II subjects had the smallest Min-CSA, and the mean of L-CSA was smaller than that of L-OP and was usually positioned in the retropalatal region. As for Class I subjects, the Min-CSA was larger than that of Class II subjects and smaller than that of Class III subjects, with the mean of L-CSA close to that of L-OP, and it tended to be positioned in the lower oropharyngeal or upper hypopharyngeal region.