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Thirty 30 patients (79%) developed one or more postoperative complications: 14 (37%) developed pneumonia, 6 (16%) had technical complications, 6 (16%) had acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 5 (13%) had deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolus, 3 (8%) had urinary tract infections (UTI), 6 (8%) had intra-abdominal complications, 1 had myocardial infarction, and 1 had renal failure requiring temporary dialysis. Comparisons between patients undergoing open repair vs TEVAR are shown in Table II. Patients undergoing TEVAR were significantly older. Although the mean number of associated injuries was similar in both [http://www.selleckchem.com/screening/inhibitor-library.html selleck chemical] groups, the ISS was significantly higher in the open repair group (P = .04). There was a trend toward earlier repair in the open group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Operative complications occurred in 23 of 30 patients (77%) who underwent open repair and in 7 of 10 patients (70%) who underwent TEVAR (P = 1.00). The following technical complications occurred in 5 of 30 patients [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/isrib-trans-isomer.html ISRIB cost] (17%) who underwent open repair: chylothorax, cardiac tamponade, vocal cord paralysis, T4 paralysis, and wound infection. In comparison, only one technical complication (groin wound infection) occurred in the TEVAR group, which is not a significant difference. Importantly, there were no differences between the groups in the mean length of postoperative stay, number of operative complications, number discharged to rehabilitation facilities or nursing homes, or mortality. Regardless of the type of repair, the timing of aortic repair did not influence outcome. Of the 40 patients who underwent attempts at aortic repair, 20 operations were performed early ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation Tasisulam] which was significantly shorter compared to 38 �� 31 days for the patients who underwent delayed repair (P = .03). This suggests that the patients who underwent early repair may have had a less complicated hospital course, allowing for earlier repair. Among the 10 patients discharged alive with ��minimal�� aortic injuries, 3 patients were discharged home and 7 were transferred to rehabilitation facilities or nursing homes. The mean follow-up for these patients is 17 �� 25 months, and 4 have been lost. Of the remaining 6 patients still being followed, only 4 have had repeat imaging studies beyond 6 months after injury. None of the four BAI lesions had healed.