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Cyclo-oxygenase-2, originally thought to be an inducible form but later found to be expressed constitutively in vasculature, is commonly considered as a major source of endothelial PGI2 synthesis (FitzGerald et al. 2001; Cheng et al. 2002; Grosser et al. 2006). Meanwhile, an increasing number of studies indicate that COX-1 is the COX form functioning in the endothelium (Traupe et al. 2002; Tang et al. 2005; Sun et al. 2006; Ansari et al. 2007; Bolego et al. 2009; Kirkby et al. 2012; Liu et al. 2012a,b). However, COX-1 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficain Ficain] and -2 are suggested to vary in requirement for substrate; low concentrations ([http://www.selleckchem.com/products/CAL-101.html Idelalisib manufacturer] (abdominal and thoracic) and carotid arteries were isolated from C57BL/6 mice [http://www.selleckchem.com/small-molecule-compound-libraries.html Small molecule library nmr] and from those lacking one of the two COX isoforms (COX-1?/? and COX-2?/?) for functional and biochemical analyses. The vascular response was determined by isometric force measurement, while PGI2 synthesis was analysed by measuring the production of the metabolite 6-keto-PGF1�� with high-performance liquid chromatography�Cmass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS). All procedures performed on mice were in conformance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH publication no. 85-23, revised 1996) and approved by the Institutional Animal Research and Use Committee of Shantou University. Arachidonic acid (AA), N��-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), phenylephrine (PE), ACh and the non-selective COX inhibitor indomethacin were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA). Prostacyclin, 6-keto-PGF1��, PGH2 and the TP receptor antagonist SQ29548 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The l-NAME PE, ACh and AA were dissolved in distilled water (purged with N2 for dissolving AA), while indomethacin and SQ29548 were dissolved in DMSO to a 2000-fold working concentration (the final concentration of DMSO was 0.05%, v/v). The compositions of physiological salt solution (PSS) and 60 mm K+-PSS (K+) were as described previously (Liu et al. 2012b). C57BL/6 mice were obtained from SLAC (Shanghai, China).