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[8, 14] High pH is unfavorable to bacterial growth.[3, 9] Another factor may be the high concentrations of calcium and alkalis likely to be released from BAG that could cause perturbations [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/r428.html R428] of the membrane potential of bacteria.[9] Our results agree with Zhang et al.[15] who affirmed that the largest particles did not markedly prevent diffusion between the ions inside the particle bed and simulated body fluid. The higher pH values obtained with the smaller particles depended on their large surface area. The bigger the particles, the smaller the differences between the pH values.[15] The stability of the calcium phosphate precipitation increased with pH. According to Lu and Leng,[16] the nucleation rate of calcium phosphate precipitation in simulated body fluid was significantly affected by pH, resulting in a different crystallized structure of the precipitate. A high pH environment was favorable for hydroxyapatite nucleation, and the hydroxyapatite nucleation rate approached that of octacalcium phosphate at pH 10.[16] The bone-like layer formed on the surface of BAG-S53P4 once in contact with corporal fluids is responsible for the osteointegration of the material, improving the bone remodeling and therefore, the resistance of the tissue against infections. The possibility of bacterial colonization is a remarkable problem in the use of prostheses and other medical devices BAGs have bactericidal properties on both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.[3, 10, 17] Promising results with BAG-S53P4 used in dead space management in chronic osteomyelitis has been shown.[3, [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/PF-2341066.html Crizotinib nmr] 12] Modifications of the surfaces of devices, for example, by coating them with a suitable BAG, or use of BAGs as bone substitute in joint replacement revisions may prevent bacterial adhesion and thus prevent the tissues around them from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UGT1A7 UGT1A7] becoming infected.[9, 17] In conclusion, BAG S53P4 has a clear growth-inhibitory effect on S. aureus biofilms. BAG-S53P4