Перегляд вихідного коду сторінки In-Depth Notices On Alisertib In Move By Move Order

g., lexical categories and features). There is very little agreement, however, on what these actually are. Chomsky (1986) sees UG as ��an intricate and highly constrained structure��  (p. 148) consisting of ��various subsystems of principles�� (p. 146). These [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk-j4-hcl.html GSK J4 cost] include ��X-bar theory, binding theory, Case theory, theta theory, bounding theory �� and so forth �C each containing certain principles with a limited degree of parametric variation. In addition there are certain overriding principles such as the projection principle, FI (full interpretation), and the principles of licensing�� [UG also contains] certain concepts, such as the concept of domain �� and the related notions of c-command and government�� (p. 102). However, every major development in the theory since then was accompanied by very substantial revisions to the list of proposed universals. Thus the list of UG principles is quite different when we  move to the Barriers period, and radically different in Minimalism (see below). With respect to parameters, very few scholars have even attempted to give a reasonably comprehensive inventory of what these are. Two rare exceptions are Baker (2001), who discusses 10 parameters, and Fodor and Sakas (2004), who list 13. In both cases, the authors stress that the list is far from complete; but it is interesting to note that only three parameters occur on both lists (Tomasello, 2005; see also Haspelmath, 2007). There is no agreement even on approximately how many parameters there are: thus Pinker (1994, p. 112) claims that there are ��only a few��; Fodor (2003, p. 734) suggests that there are ��perhaps 20��; according to Roberts and Holmberg  (2005, p. 541), the correct figure is probably ��in the region of 50�C100.�� However, if, following Kayne (2005), we assume that there is a parameter associated with every functional element, the number of parameters must be considerably larger than this. Cinque and Rizzi (2008), citing Heine and Kuteva��s (2002) work on grammaticalization targets, estimate that there are about 400 functional categories. According to Shlonsky (2010, p. 424), even this may be a low estimate. Shlonsky (2010) also suggests that ��[e]very feature is endowed with its own switchboard, consisting of half a dozen or so binary options�� (p. 425), which implies that there are thousands of parameters. Things are no better when we consider substantive universals. While most generative linguists agree that the inventory of lexical categories includes N, V, and A, there is little agreement on what the functional categories are (see Newmeyer, 2008; Corbett, 2010; Pullum and Tiede, 2010; Boeckx, 2011). Newmeyer (2008) surveys some of the relevant literature and concludes: ��There is no way to answer this question that would satisfy more than a small number of generativists.