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One well-known case is the 11 January 1972 severe windstorm occurred in Boulder, Colorado with a peak wind gust as high as 50?ms?1 recorded in Boulder, which was accompanied by large waves, hydraulic jumps, vortices and turbulences (Lilly, 1978). Several different theories have been proposed for the development of the severe downslope winds, including: (a) hydraulic jump: if the mountain height exceeds the threshold, a strong wind can develop along the lee when a subcritical flow transits to a supercritical flow (Long, 1953a, Long, 1953b, Smith, 1985, Durran, 1986, Durran and Klemp, 1987?and?Smith and Sun, 1987); (b) linear theory: Klemp and Lilly (1975) suggested that strong downslope winds occur when the atmosphere has a multilayer structure producing an optimal superposition of upward�Cdownward propagation waves; (c) wave breaking and downslope wind enhanced by the energy trapped by the wave-breaking region [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubulin Tubulin] in the upper layer and/or wave-induced critical layer [(Clark and Peltier, 1977, Clark [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/gdc-0068.html Ipatasertib purchase] and Peltier, 1984, Peltier and Clark, 1979, Smith, 1987, Aihara and Hirasawa, 1988?and?Lin, 2007), etc.]. The hydraulic jump provides a simple explanation for a homogeneous fluid in the layer which can be separated from the upper layer, although it is not frequently observed in the real atmosphere. Linear theory may be limited to the prediction of instability and initial stage of downslope winds. The wave-induced critical layer and wave breaking are mainly based on model simulations which produced wave breaking and/or wave-induced critical layer (u[http://www.selleckchem.com/products/VX-770.html selleck screening library] energy is not effectively trapped by the critical layer in the lower layer as proposed previously. Using a hydrostatic model with upstream flow in geostrophic balance, the effect of rotation and surface friction on the drag by flow around a single elongated mountain has been studied by Olaffson and Bougeault (1997), Wells et al. (2005), and others. Sun and Chern (1994) showed that the effect of rotation produces an induced high pressure on the windward side of a bell-shape mountain, an anti-cyclonic circulation around the mountain, and vortices-shedding.