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5% (Sina Daru, Iran), three times at 5 min intervals. For the procedure, the lid speculum was placed, and then the epithelium was removed in an 8 mm area of the central cornea. Then we instilled one drop of riboflavin 0.1% in 20% dextran (Streuli pharmaceuticals, Uznach, Switzerland) onto the stroma once every 3 min for 30 min (a total of 10 drops). Once this stage was completed, the patient was examined at the slit lamp to observe the selleck inhibitor presence of riboflavin and yellow tindall in the anterior chamber. Subsequently the UV-X (IROC, Z��rich, Switzerland) was used to irradiate 370 nm UV light, 9 mm in diameter onto the cornea from a distance of 5 cm. Before each treatment session, the UV-X was calibrated to ensure a radiation intensity of 3 mw/cm2. The cornea was exposed to UV for 30 min while simultaneously instilling riboflavin drops every 3 min. At the end of this procedure, the corneal surface was irrigated with sterile BSS, and then covered with a soft bandage contact lens (Night and Day, Bausch and Lomb, CA, USA). One drop of chloramphenicol 0.5% (Sina Daru, Iran) was instilled and the patient was instructed to topical chloramphenicol four times daily in addition to betamethasone 0.1%, four times daily, and preservative-free artificial tears (hypromelose) as needed. Patients were examined on the first and third posttreatment day. On the 3rd day, the contact lens would be removed provided that epithelial healing was complete. After the lens removal, chloramphenicol was Pentamorphone discontinued, and Adriamycin price betamethasone was continued twice daily for one week. Betamethasone was not prescribed for a longer duration to mitigate complications such as increased intraocular pressure and also based on the observation that the majority of previous studies limited steroid use to 1 to 2 weeks only. Cases with incomplete epithelial healing on the 3rd day were examined daily until complete reepithelialization. Main outcome measures during follow-up were BSCVA, the maximum simulated keratometry (K-max) and mean keratometry (K-mean) based on Pentacam readings. The mean, median, and standard deviation were calculated for K-max, K-mean, BSCVA, and spherical equivalent. The independent-samples Mann�CWhitney U-test was used to compare data in the two groups. A P