The most crucial FDA-approved Drug Library-Sport

Although the prone position (PP) is thought to have theoretical physiological and ergonomic advantages for the patient and surgeon, there are still controversies in adopting the prone position during MIE. The evolution of surgical techniques and anesthesia has also happened in our hospital in the past few years. PP has been employed since Nov 2012. The LLDP during TLE was routine practice before then. One-lung ventilation with a double-lumen endotracheal tube was employed during the thoracic stage in patients in LLDP before Nov 2012. Subsequently, single lumen endotracheal intubation with CO2 insufflation to collapse the right lung was applied during the thoracic stage in PP. Aim We would like to compare the immediate post-operative outcomes between two groups of patients receiving TLE under the two different positions. see more Material and methods Patient enrollment We collected data of all consecutive patients receiving three-stage TLE in our hospital until Dec 2013. In our institute, three-stage TLE comprised procedures of en bloc thoracoscopic esophagectomy, intrathoracic radical lymphadenectomy followed by laparoscopic gastric mobilization, cardiectomy, formation of a gastric conduit, gastric tube pull-up via a post-mediastinal route, and cervical anastomosis. These procedures were performed for stage I�CIV esophageal cancer by two chest surgeons. Between May 2011 and Dec 2013, 59 patients underwent three-stage TLE. The LLDP was sequentially employed in all patients undergoing three-stage TLE from Enol May 2011 to Oct 2012. The PP was subsequently employed in all patients from Nov 2012 in our institution. Anesthesia, ventilation strategy, and postoperative pain control Heart rate (by electrocardiography), CO2 production (by capnography), arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, blood oxygen saturation (by pulse oximetry), and nasal temperature were monitored. Lactated FDA-approved Drug Library Ringer's solution was infused at 20 ml/kg/h during the induction of anesthesia and to maintain preoperative central venous pressure. Hypotension (arterial blood pressure