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Data are presented as means �� SD. The statistical analysis was performed using CDK9 Sigmaplot 11.0 software (Systat Software, Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). Differences in skeletal muscle telomere length and telomerase between CON and MYO groups were analysed using two-way ANOVA and ANCOVA for age adjustment. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine any potential relationship between duration of the disease and minimal telomere length. Differences in skeletal muscle expression level of tankyrase, TRF2 and POT1 between CON and MYO were analysed using one-way ANOVA. Differences in the level of telomerase expression between telomerase-positive and telomerase-negative samples were analysed using one-way ANOVA. Differences were considered significant for P patients (three women and two men). Individual data for patients in the MYO group on the presence of regenerative events and inflammatory cell infiltration are presented in Table 1. As depicted in Figure 1, mean and minimal telomere lengths assessed in the MYO group (meanTRF length 11.0 �� 1.8 kbp; miniTRF length 4.7 �� 0.8 kbp; n= 12) did not differ significantly from those measured in the CON group (meanTRF length 10.4 �� 1.1 kbp; miniTRF length 4.6 �� 0.5 kbp; n= 13). Sex of the subject or the site of biopsy had no significant effect on TRF see more lengths. Importantly, we noted that within the MYO group, there were no significant differences in TRF lengths between patients with and without inflammatory infiltrate (Table 1). There was no significant difference between groups in miniTRF, even after adjusting for age using ANCOVA. The duration of the disease was not correlated with miniTRF length. Owing to the nuclear location of telomeres, we assessed the expression of TRF2, POT1, tankyrase 1 and telomerase in the nuclear fraction. The results show that all four proteins are expressed in skeletal muscle of healthy individuals. The specificity of the antibody-binding signal in skeletal muscle was assessed using a specific positive control for each protein. Migration bands corresponding to TRF2, POT1, tankyrase 1 and telomerase in skeletal muscle Selleckchem Obeticholic Acid co-localized with their respective positive controls in a zone corresponding to the expected molecular weight (TRF2 70 kDa; POT1 65�C70 kDa; tankyrase 1 170 kDa; and telomerase 127 kDa; Fig. 2B). Telomerase expression level was sixfold higher in MYO than in CON (P