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""Abstract:? Annular lipoatrophy of the ankles also termed ��annular atrophic connective tissue panniculitis of the ankles,����annular atrophy of the ankles,�� and ��atrophic annular panniculitis of the ankles,�� is an inflammatory panniculitis that results in lipoatrophy with a predilection for the ankles. The disorder is seen predominantly in selleck compound female children and demonstrates a mixed lobular panniculitis. It is likely a disorder of autoimmune etiology, supported by the findings of concurrent autoimmune disorders in several patients. We report a case of a 6-year-old female with annular lipoatrophy of the ankles associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis and review the epidemiology and proposed pathogenesis of annular lipoatrophy of the ankles. ""Abstract:? We present a curious case of localized cold urticaria restricted to the face in a 10-year-old girl. Testing for the condition using an ice cube was positive only in the facial area. After 2?years, the patient continues to experience localized urticaria only on her face on cold exposure. A review of the available published medical literature on cold urticaria was performed using Ovid and PubMed databases. The literature search was not limited to the English Floctafenine language. Only three other cases of cold urticaria localized to the face were identified. Upon review of the published reports on cold urticaria and discussion of classification and diagnostic testing, we conclude that cold urticaria clearly is a rare and poorly understood entity. ""The objective of the study was to click here determine the prevalence of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) mucocutaneous manifestations in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We conducted population-based, prospective, multicenter pediatric HIV-1 surveillance in 276 children with perinatally acquired HIV-1 from 1988 to 2009. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-defined HIV-1 related mucocutaneous conditions among the 276 children were: category A (n?=?152), B (n?=?60), and C (n?=?1). Nearly half of the category A and B diagnoses (43.4% [66/152] and 35.0% [21/60], respectively) occurred in the first year of life, with 59.2% (90/152) and 61.7% (37/60), respectively, occurring in the first 2 years of life. The most frequent infectious diagnosis was oropharyngeal thrush (n?=?117, 42.4%); the most common inflammatory diagnosis was diaper dermatitis (n?=?71, 25.7%). There was a temporal decline in the prevalence of A (pre-HAART cohort, 123; post-HAART cohort, 29; p?