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Data were collected from five inpatient studies (n?=?120 participants) conducted at the New York State Psychiatric Institute. A logistic regression was used to identify correlates GSK3B of being HCV-positive at baseline. Among the 120 heroin-dependent volunteers, 42 were HCV-positive. Participants who had heavier alcohol use, a longer duration of heroin use, or who reported using heroin by injection were more likely to be HCV-positive. Interestingly, participants who had injected cocaine during the previous month had a ninefold greater risk of being HCV-positive compared to non-cocaine users and those who used cocaine by a non-injecting route. These findings confirm the risk of being HCV-infected through intravenous drug use, especially with cocaine use. These SAHA HDAC price results underscore the importance of rethinking interventions to prevent HCV infection with combined strategies using pharmacological approaches for cocaine dependence and tailored prevention for cocaine users. (Am J Addict 2013;22:613�C618) ""4798" "To explore the clinical features of methamphetamine-induced paranoia (MIP) and associations between MIP and a genetic polymorphism in dopamine ��-hydroxylase (DBH-1021CT). Retrospective analysis of clinical presentation and genetic association by ��2 test and logistic regression analysis. A Thai substance abuse treatment center. A total of 727 methamphetamine-dependent (MD) individuals. Clinical: Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism (SSADDA) and the Methamphetamine Experience Questionnaire (MEQ). Genetic: DBH-1021CT. Forty per cent of individuals (289 of 727; 39.8%) with MD had MIP. Within-binge latency to MIP onset occurred more rapidly in the most recent compared with initial MIP episode (P?=?0.02), despite unchanging intake (P?=?0.89). Individuals with MIP were significantly less likely to carry lower (TT/CT) compared with higher (CC) activity genotypes (34.3 versus 43.3%; ��21?=?5, P?=?0.03). DBH effects were confirmed [odds ratio (OR)?=?0.7, P?=?0.04] after controlling for associated clinical variables (MD severity, OR?=?3.4, selleck chemicals llc P?