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For all organ types, increased standard deviation in intrapatient tacrolimus blood levels was an independent risk factor for late rejection (OR 1.6 [CI 1.1�C2.1]; p?=?0.02). Each 1-point increase in s.d.?>?2 of tacrolimus level >6?months post-transplant associated with 1.58 increase in hazard of graft loss (p?=?0.003). Graft survival (conditional on one-yr survival) was significantly better for those with s.d.?6?months post-transplant: 98% at three and five?yr, versus 88%, 70%, at three and five?yr, in patients with s.d.?>?2 (p?=?0.003). In conclusion, high s.d. in serial tacrolimus concentrations associated ABT-263 purchase with increased risk of late rejection and graft loss in pediatric organ transplant recipients, providing opportunities for screening and interventions. ""Watcharananan SP, Kiertiburanakul S, Piyatuctsanawong W, Anurathapan U, Sungkanuparph S, Pakakasama S, Chantratita W, Hongeng S. Cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, and polyomavirus co-infection among pediatric recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation: Characteristics and outcome. Pediatr Transplantation 2010: 14:675�C681. ? 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract:? ADV and PMV infection have increasingly been documented as significant complications Selleck MK-2206 following allo-HSCT. Despite increasing recognition, characteristics and outcome of CMV, ADV, and PMV viral co-infection remain obscured. In this study, a retrospective quantitative PCR analysis of ADV, PMV (BKV and JCV) was performed from pediatric patients�� stored blood samples previously ROR1 tested for CMV viremia after allo-HSCT. Clinical and virological characteristics and outcome among patients with and without viral co-infection were analyzed and compared. From 2001 to 2006, 219 blood samples from 69 patients were studied. Viral DNA was present in 119 samples (52.9%).The proportion of viremia was highest for BKV (30.6%), followed by CMV (20.9%), ADV (9.1%), and JCV (0.5%). Viral co-infection occurred in 17 patients (24.6%), with CMV/BKV as the most common type (11.6%), followed by CMV/ADV (4.3%) and ADV/BKV (2.9%). From multivariate analysis, factors associated with viral co-infection were acute GVHD (OR 4.57; 95% CI 1.9�C10.96, p?=?0.001), level of blood CMV viral load (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.24�C1.89, p?