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The inflammatory responses in lung tissues were evaluated by histological study. Results:? The levels of IL-5 protein in serum and BALF were significantly decreased in the allergic rats treated with rAAV-ASIL-5 (P?BML-190 inhibited the accumulation of eosinophils and airway inflammation in the rat model of allergic asthma by suppressing IL-5 production. These results suggest that rAAV-ASIL-5-based gene therapy may be used for the treatment of allergic asthma. ""6135" "We assessed whether co-deposition of a long-acting ��2-agonist and a corticosteroid affects their respective transport rates across epithelial cells. Drug particles were deposited on the air-interface culture of Calu-3 cells using a twin-stage impinger. We compared the transport rate of salmeterol and fluticasone across the epithelial cells using commercially available formulations (Serevent, Flixotide and Seretide). The transepithelial resistance of Calu-3 cells was measured before and after each deposition to monitor epithelial resistance. The codeposition of salmeterol and fluticasone had no Selleck Doxorubicin significant effect on transport of salmeterol through the cell layer. In contrast, the rate of fluticasone propionate transport in presence of salmeterol xinofoate was significantly lower (0.53?��?0.20%) compared with the single fluticasone formulation (2.36?��?0.97%). Furthermore, the resistance of the epithelial cells was significantly increased after salmeterol deposition from both single and combination products. Our data demonstrate that salmeterol may decrease the permeability of epithelial cells, resulting in slower fluticasone transport across Calu-3 epithelial monolayers. The subsequent increased residence time of fluticasone in the airways could prolong its anti-inflammatory effects. DAPT chemical structure ""6136" "Synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LT) is thought to cause inflammatory disorders such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Recent reports have suggested that leukotriene C4 (LTC4) is an important regulator of pulmonary fibrosis. This study examined the effect of LTC4 in LTC4 synthase-overexpressed transgenic mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The function of lung-derived fibroblasts from transgenic mice was also investigated. Bleomycin was administrated to transgenic mice and wild-type (WT) mice by intratracheal instillation.