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Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:574�C581. ? 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ""Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation. There is increasing evidence that neurotrophins play an important role in the development and maintenance of neurogenic airway inflammation in chronic allergic diseases. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family and has several important functions in the airways. There are only a few reports on the association between genetic variations in the BDNF gene and various allergic diseases, and the results are generally conflicting. Therefore, we aimed to study the functional polymorphism Val66Met (also called rs6265 or G196A) in the BDNF gene in a group of asthmatic children and healthy controls. We studied 248 asthmatic patients (aged 12.28?��?0.24 years) and 249 TRIB1 healthy children (aged 13.14?��?0.48 years). MK-2206 nmr Analysis of the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR products were digested by PmlI. The prevalence of the Val66Met polymorphisms (Val/Val, Val/Met, and Met/Met) was 61.7%, 33.5%, and 4.8% in asthmatics, respectively, and 47.0%, 51.8%, and 1.2% in healthy subjects, respectively. We observed a significant association of the Met/Met variant genotype with asthmatics (OR?=?4.17, 95% CI?=?1.16�C14.96, P?=?0.018). The Val/Met genotype was protective against bronchial asthma (OR?=?0.69, 95% CI?=?0.48�C0.99, P?=?0.045), especially in girls (OR?=?0.34, 95% CI?=?0.20�C0.59, P?=?0.001). Specific BDNF gene polymorphism may contribute to bronchial asthma susceptibility. Our study suggested the positive association between selected functional BDNF polymorphism (rs6265) and asthma in children. Pediatr Pulmonol. BTK inhibitor ? 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ""Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and medical management of GERD improves pulmonary symptoms. Some patients with worsening CF and GERD symptoms undergo Nissen fundoplication, but the extent to which surgical management of GERD improves respiratory symptoms is not well studied. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Nissen fundoplication in 48 patients with CF and uncontrolled GERD. Patients exhibited significantly fewer pulmonary exacerbations, increased weight gain and slower decline in % predicted FEV1 at 2 years after the surgery, compared to 2 years before surgery. Mean change in % predicted FEV1 in 2 years before surgery was ?13.57% and mean change in % predicted FEV1 in 2 years after the surgery was +1.5% and difference was significant P?=?0.001. Better pulmonary and nutritional outcomes were noted among patients with milder lung disease compared to those with severe lung disease, and among patients who received gastrostomy tube feedings for ��6 months compared to those with no G-tube or tube feedings for