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Each item in the CAPE rates (i) frequency and (ii) associated distress on a four-point scale. The frequency items showed good internal consistency at all time points (Cronbach's alpha: 0.86�C0.91). The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) (20 self-report items) was used to assess depressive symptomatology in the past week (Radloff, 1977). This measure rates frequency of symptoms on a four-point scale. The CES-D has been validated in an Australian adolescent sample (Rey et al., 2001). The measure showed good internal consistency at all time points (Cronbach's alpha: 0.78�C0.98). Sum scores of both questionnaires were used as continuous indicators with higher scores indicate greater psychopathology. Analyses were conducted with Mplus 5.1 (Muth��n and Muth��n, 1998�C2007) and PASW Statistics Chlormezanone 18 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, 2010). Drop-out Selleck C646 analyses were conducted using ANOVA and odd ratios (OR). Time effects of CAPE and CES-D scores were tested with Repeated Measures ANOVA. Path modeling was used to investigate the relationships between CAPE and CES-D scores over time, using only observed variables. Full Information Maximum Likelihood estimation was used for missing data; furthermore, robust ML (MLR) was used for model estimation because data was not normally distributed. This method estimates mean-adjusted ��2, robust to non-normality ( Brown, 2006). Over time, CAPE scores were regressed on (i) earlier CAPE scores and (ii) earlier CES-D scores and vice versa. CAPE and CES-D scores were allowed to correlate at all time points; correlations were compared with Wald tests. Thus, a cross-lagged path model was established. CAPE and CES-D scores at T1 were controlled for age and gender. Several fit indices were used for model evaluation (Brown, 2006). For acceptable model fit, chi-square (��2) should be low, Comparative Fix Index (CFI) should be above 0.90 and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) should be lower than 0.08. There were no significant differences between participants who completed all study phases and those who dropped out after T1 on age, gender, socio-economic status, or CES-D and CAPE scores at baseline. Table 1 shows mean scores (SD) of the CAPE and CES-D at the four time points. Both CAPE [F(3,171)?=?14,75; p?http://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd5363.html p?