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, 2004). In line with previous reports (Barton et al., 2004), we did not observe significant correlations between face discrimination performance in the M6 condition and the demographic and neuropsychological measurements, including age (p?>?0.46), IQ (p?>?0.98), ADOS social score (p?>?0.82), and ADOS communication scores (p?>?0.83). The data from the fifteen subjects who also participated in the fMRI component of the study are shown in Fig.?3D. After identifying the right FFA using the contrast of see more faces versus houses masked by faces versus baseline in each individual subject (Grill-Spector et al., 2004?and?Jiang et al., 2006) (see Fig.?4 for the FFA in one representative subject), we extracted the fMRI responses to faces and houses in the right FFA from localizer scans and calculated the FSL for fourteen subjects. Pearson's correlation analysis Enzalutamide showed no correlation between FSL and behavioral performance in the M6 condition (r?=?0.30, p?>?0.30, see Fig.?5A). Similar results were obtained when correlating behavioral performance in the M6 condition with the fMRI response to faces (r?=?0.07, p?>?0.82), or with the differences in fMRI responses to faces and to houses (r?=?0.17, p?>?0.56), or with the ratio of fMRI responses to faces divided by fMRI responses to houses (r?=?0.27, p?>?0.35) ( Fig.?5B-D). Together with the conflicting reports on FFA activation levels from previous fMRI studies of face processing study Dimethyl sulfoxide in ASD (reduced or no FFA activity to faces in Humphreys et al. (2008), Grelotti et al. (2005), Pierce et al. (2001), and Schultz et al. (2000) versus typical activation levels at FFA in Hadjikhani et al. (2007), Perlman et al. (2011), and Pierce et al. (2004)), these results provide further support that the commonly used contrast of faces versus houses or other classes of objects in fMRI studies is insufficient to predict behavioral abilities, likely due to the aforementioned confound that measures of average activity in a voxel can be affected by the density of selective neurons as well as the broadness of their tuning (Grill-Spector et al., 2006, Jiang et al., 2006?and?Riesenhuber, 2007). We next tested the hypothesis that the local heterogeneity of voxel-wise correlations, Hcorr, in the FFA during the localizer scans could predict behavioral performance in the ASD cohort. Using the data from face blocks only, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a trend of correlation between Hcorr and behavioral performance (r?=?0.48, p?