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Methods:? In 55 neonates born before 32 completed weeks of gestation, parameters relevant to NC were analyzed. Median birthweight was 1010?g (range 500�C2070?g). Fifteen (27%) asymptomatic children had ultrasonographic NC. Results:? In multivariate analysis the strongest independent risk factor was furosemide therapy above 10?mg per kg bodyweight cumulative dose, with a 48-fold increased risk of NC (odds ratio confidence interval 4.0�C585, P Autophagy only significant in univariate analysis (gestational age, mechanical ventilation, infection, broncho-pulmonary dysplasia, blood transfusions, intraventricular hemorrhage, surfactant therapy, vasopressors, phenobarbital MEK inhibitor drugs or caffeine, duration of hospital stay), indicating an indirect effect only. Other parameters of calcium and phosphate homeostasis were not significant, possibly due to standardized supplementation. Conclusion:? We suggest that in preterm infants, furosemide should be prescribed with caution and close monitoring of calcium excretions is advisable. Some guidelines for infant respiratory distress syndrome now favor calcium-sparing thiazides if diuretics are considered. ""63727" "Several drugs, when used chronically in very preterm infants, are considered to be associated with the development of late-onset circulatory collapse (LCC), which can lead to neurodevelopmental impairment. Despite its clinical importance, conclusive risk factors for LCC have yet to be identified. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between LCC and diuretics, methylxanthines, levothyroxine, and sodium chloride. Infants born at Etoposide price LCC group and the non-LCC group. Use of diuretics, methylxanthines, or levothyroxine, and the sodium intake in each infant were recorded. We then determined if these represented primary risk factors associated with the development of LCC, using multivariate analysis to exclude confounding factors. Thirty-seven preterm infants were eligible for this study. LCC developed in 10 infants; 27 infants did not develop the disease. Only methylxanthine was significantly associated with a decrease in the incidence of LCC (odds ratio, 0.04; P