Chronicles Provided by Mannose-binding protein-associated serine protease-Researchers Who've Grow To Be Successful

The power of the anecdotal cases with adverse outcomes to offset HVCCC recommendations highlights another common phenomenon in cognitive psychology: the negativity bias. Research has demonstrated that individuals have a tendency to better recall negative information (e.g., the depiction of anecdotal cases) than positive information (10). In public health, the power of ��fear Mannose-binding protein-associated serine protease appeal�� messages in facilitating positive health behaviors have been identified for over half a century (11). In general, individuals are more motivated to enact behaviors when they receive a description of the negative outcome of not performing a behavior than, for example, omitting a test that leads to a patient death due to an undetected condition (12). To facilitate HVCCC practice, it may be useful to identify more vivid and motivation examples of the negative outcomes of not engaging in HVCCC. Another consideration which may have limited the persuasiveness of our HVCCC cases relative to anecdotes involves patient age. Most of the patients in our HVCCC anecdotes were older patients (age 65 or higher). There were, however, some examples of patients in the younger age group too (overall age range 25�C93 years, with median age being 72 years. In contrast, the patients in the anecdotes were younger with ages 28�C45 years. Research studies using fictional patient cases have documented the existence of an age bias among physicians when diagnosing and treatment certain conditions (13). The unique but unfortunate truth about the practice of clinical medicine is that some unexpected adverse outcomes are inevitable. Although some of these adverse outcomes are truly unexpected, a significant proportion of the adverse outcomes can be attributed directly to defensive medicine practices that includes both overtesting and overtreating patients. On the surface, our study seems to indicate that residents in training are more willing to accept adverse outcomes as a consequence of overtesting or overtreating as opposed to adverse consequences associated with missing a rare case or having a case with unexpected devastating outcomes. Our study indicates that this ��negativity bias�� is at least partially influenced by the practice of the teaching attending physicians. The role of teaching faculty in the education of residents and students cannot be minimized, and therefore significant faculty education and development should focus on properly balancing the principles of HVCCC and the harms associated with overtesting and overtreating with the genuine concerns related to unexpected adverse outcomes in some patients. Limitations As the study was conducted in a community-based university-affiliated academic hospital, the results that were obtained may not be generalizable to all health care settings.