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SRP+ERL allowed a decrease of the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and prevented a fast process of recolonization. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:24�C31, 2010. ? 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. ""3536" "Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) sealed with sutures has been routinely used to treat ocular surface defects (OSD). However, the sutures used to secure the graft on the cornea cause additional injury, infection, and scarring. A new light-activated technique, called photochemical tissue bonding (PTB), has been developed for securing amniotic membrane (AM) over the corneal surface. The purpose of this study was to compare PTB versus traditional sutures in AMT for repair of OSD. An OSD was created in the left eye of 40 rabbits. The eyes were randomized into two repair groups: AMT using sutures and AMT using PTB with Azastene 0.1% Rose Bengal (RB) and 532?nm laser at 0.4?W/cm2 for 200?seconds. Eyes were examined for re-epithelialization, inflammation, neovascularization, and scarring histologically and biochemically on postoperative days 1, 3, 14, and 28. PTB strongly bonded AM over corneal defects. Corneal re-epithelialization did not differ significantly between the suture and PTB groups. Histology, immunohistology and Western blotting revealed that the numbers of inflammatory cells and the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha VE-821 in vivo in the PTB group were dramatically lower than those in the suture group on postoperative day 3. Many fewer neo-vessels were present in the PTB group (2.91?��?1.00) compared to the suture group (4.33?��?1.15) at day 28 (P?Pictilisib in vitro generation microscopy, suggesting that PTB treatment led to less corneal scarring. PTB is a superior method for securing AM over OSD with improved wound healing compared to sutures. Lasers Surg. Med. 43:481�C489, 2011. ? 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. ""3537" "Suture repair of Achilles tendon rupture can cause infection, inflammation and scarring, while prolonged immobilization promotes adhesions to surrounding tissues and joint stiffness. Early mobilization can reduce complications provided the repair is strong enough to resist re-rupture. We have developed a biocompatible, photoactivated tendon wrap from electrospun silk (ES) to provide additional strength to the repair that could permit early mobilization, and act as a barrier to adhesion formation. ES nanofiber mats were prepared by electrospinning. New Zealand white rabbits underwent surgical transection of the Achilles tendon and repair by: (a) SR: standard Kessler suture?+?epitendinous suture (5-0 vicryl). (b) ES/PTB: a single stay suture and a section of ES mat, stained with 0.1% Rose Bengal (RB), wrapped around the tendon and bonded with 532?nm light (0.3?W/cm2, 125?J/cm2). (c) SR?+?ES/PTB: a combination of (a) and (b).