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Figure 1 A 70-year-old male stage IIIB lung cancer patient referred to our department for PET/CT evaluation. Transaxial PET/CT images at the level of the lungs reveal the tumor in segment 3 of the right lung with enhanced 18F-FDG uptake (upper row, arrow; SUV ... Figure 2 A 65-year-old patient suffering from stage IIIB NSCLC of the right lung (segment 5). Maximum intensity projection (MIP) images of 18F-FDG PET/CT (left) and 18F-FMISO PET/CT (right). 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrates the primary tumor as well as multiple hypermetabolic ... Figure 3 A 61-year-old Selleckchem Pifithrin-�� patient with stage IIIB NSCLC of the left lung. Transaxial PET/CT images at the level of the lungs reveal the tumor in segment 6 of the left lung with enhanced tracer uptake both in 18F-FDG PET/CT (arrow, upper row; SUVaverage = 8.6, SUV ... Figure 4 MIP images of 18F-FDG PET/CT (upper row) and 18F-FMISO PET/CT (lower row) of the same patient as in Figure 3. The patient demonstrates, apart from the primary tumor (red arrow), metastases to contralateral mediastinal lymph nodes and the sternum (yellow ... Quantitative analysis The mean values of the primary tumors�� kinetic parameters, derived after application of two-tissue compartment modelling on the 18F-FDG dPET/CT data, were the following: SUVaverage = 8.9, SUVmax = 15.1, K1 = 0.23 (1/min), k2 = 0.53 (1/min), k3 = 0.17 (1/min), k4 = 0.02 (1/min), VB = 0.09, influx = 0.05 (1/min). In comparison, the respective mean values of the lesions (only primary tumors) detected with 18F-FMISO dPET/CT were: SUVaverage = 1.5, SUVmax = 2.2, K1 = 0.26 (1/min), k2 = 0.56 (1/min), k3 = 0.06 (1/min), k4 = 0.06 (1/min), PDK4 VB = 0.12, influx = 0.02 (1/min). Tables 1, ?,22 and ?and33 demonstrate analytically the results of the PET exams with both tracers. According to these results, SUVaverage, SUVmax, k3 and influx for 18F-FDG were significantly higher than for 18F-FMISO (Table 4). The results concerning the between tracers�� differences were considered significant for p less than 0.05 (p selleck kinase inhibitor for the probability of differences between 18F-FDG and 18F-FMISO Fractal dimension (FD) was applied for further characterization of 18F-FDG and 18F-FMISO kinetics in primary tumors. The mean FD value was significantly higher for 18F-FDG (FD = 1.25) than 18F-FMISO (FD = 1.14), implying a higher degree of heterogeneity of tracer uptake. As already mentioned, metastatic lesions were depicted in 18F-FDG PET/CT but not in 18F-FMISO PET/CT. The mean 18F-FDG values of these lesions were the following: SUVaverage = 9.4, SUVmax = 14.6, K1 = 0.25 (1/min), k2 = 0.53 (1/min), k3 = 0.19 (1/min), k4 = 0.02 (1/min), VB = 0.07, influx = 0.06 (1/min) and FD = 1.24.