Es (Komeda and Kusumi, 2007; Komeda, 2010). This model builds a connection amongst

Even though all types of similarity---including physique https://bongalong.co.za/members/copyhole59/activity/191744/ posture (Dijkstra et al., 2007), political opinions (http://svetisavaflemington.org/members/aries79flower/activity/341122/ Mitchell et al., 2006), and cultural backgrounds (Chiao et al., 2008)---are viewed as, this paper focuses on similarities within a perceiver's character traits (extraversion and neuroticism) and ASD-related qualities. If the perceiver empathizes together with the target, the cognitive processing related to the target is enhanced. One example is, reading comprehension is facilitated (e.g., reading accelerates as well as the outcome-judgment activity is performed rapidly and accurately) and memory is enhanced (recognition time is rapidly and accuracy is improved). In the event the perceiver does not empathize with the target, a perception of dissimilarity is evoked. Consequently, cognitive processing will not be enhanced (Tversky and Kahneman, 1974; Epley and Gilovich, 2001; Epley et al., 2004). The following section will discuss empirical evidence obtained from behavioral and neuroimaging studies that supports the similarity hypothesis.Proof Supporting the Similarity HypothesisAll levels of similarity, in the lowest (e.g., sensation or perception) towards the highest (e.g., cognitions regarding politics or social perceptions), are covered by the similarity hypothesis. Nonetheless, this paper focuses on behavioral and neuroimaging a.Es (Komeda and Kusumi, 2007; Komeda, 2010). This model builds a connection among empathy as a virtual experience during story reading and empathy for the duration of social interactions as a real experience. As shown in Figure 1, mental representations are updated throughout discourse comprehension when ongoing sentences are mapped on previous contexts (Zwaan and Radvansky, 1998). This mental representation involves spatial and temporal information and facts, story protagonists or characters (or conversational partners), and their ambitions, motivations, and intentions (Zwaan et al., 1995a,b; Zwaan and Radvansky, 1998; Komeda and Kusumi, 2006). Readers infer and predict the actions of story characters applying causal clues described inside the scenario to know these actions (van den Broek and Gustafson, 1999; van den Broek et al., 1999). When readers knowledge causal The similarity hypothesis states that perceivers empathize with targets comparable to themselves, and, as a consequence, subsequent cognitive processing is facilitated. Though all varieties of similarity---including physique posture (Dijkstra et al., 2007), political opinions (Mitchell et al., 2006), and cultural backgrounds (Chiao et al., 2008)---are thought of, this paper focuses on similarities within a perceiver's character traits (extraversion and neuroticism) and ASD-related characteristics. The bi-directional white arrow in Figure 1 indicates the interaction among self, or the reader/listener, as well as the story protagonist during discourse comprehension. The bottom segment of Figure 1 shows the degree of similarity amongst the readers/listeners plus the story protagonist. Readers have a tendency to overestimate the protagonist's happiness, presumably resulting from their empathy for qualities similar to themselvesFrontiers in Human Neuroscience | www.frontiersin.orgMarch 2015 | Volume 9 | ArticleKomedaSimilarity hypothesis(Komeda et al., 2009). Self (reader) and other (protagonist) overlap when readers are equivalent for the protagonist and feel empathy for them inside a virtual predicament (Komeda et al., 2013b). Alternatively, self and other don't overlap when readers (listeners) usually do not see themselves as comparable for the protagonists (speakers) (Komeda et al., 2009, 2013b). Within the latter circumstance, it's tough to really feel empathy (Komeda and Kusumi, 2007).