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Mamelle N, Laumon B, Lazar P: Prematurity and occupational activity during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 1984, 119(three):309?22. 10. Bonzini M, Coggon D, Godfrey K, Inskip H, Crozier S, Palmer KT: Occupational physical activities, working hours and outcome ofConclusions Despite these limitations, the results of this study Rticipants in the scanner differed drastically from a single a further on the demonstrate that long operating hours through the initial trimester are related with pregnancy complications among physicians. At present, pretty couple of professional recommendations include limits on the quantity of hours worked. In 2003, the American Accreditation Council for Graduate Health-related Education advised that residents be limited to 80 hours of work per week [2]. However, it did not specify working hours for pregnant physicians. Pregnancy through residency is prevalent provided that lengthy healthcare education overlaps with all the most important childbearing years. Therefore, future research applying a cohort study style could contribute to legal or experienced regulations governing the amount of hours pregnant physicians can function by investigating whether or not extended operating hours cause TA or PTB. More fileAdditional file 1: Appendix. Item utilized in Questionnaire.Abbreviations TA: Threatened abortion; PTB: Preterm birth; SD: Normal deviation; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence intervals.Takeuchi et al. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2014, 14:245 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/14/Page 8 of11.12.13. 14.15.16.17.18.19. 20.21. 22.23.pregnancy: findings in the Southampton Women's Survey. Occup Environ Med 2009, 66(ten):685?90. Klebanoff MA, D take full benefit of:?Easy on the net submission ?Thorough peer review Shiono PH, Rhoads GG: Outcomes of pregnancy in a national sample of resident physicians. N Engl J Med 1990, 323(15):1040?045. Association of American Healthcare Colleges: Girls in U.S. Academic Medicine:Statistics and Benchmarking Report 2009-2010. https://members. aamc.org/eweb/upload/Women 20in 20U.S. 20Academic 20Medicine 20Statistics 20and 20Benchmarking 20Report 202009-2010.pdf. OECD: Health at a Glance. Europe: OECD Publishing; 2010. http://dx.doi.org/ ten.1787/health_glance-2010-en. Pakrashi T, Defranco EA: The relative proportion of preterm births complicated by premature rupture of membranes in multifetal title= journal.pone.0092276 gestations: a population-based study. Am J Perinatol 2013, 30(1):69?four. doi:ten.1055/s-0032-1321502. Nomura K, Gohchi K: Influence of gender-based career obstacles on the functioning status of ladies physicians in Japan. Soc Sci Med 2012, 75(9):1612?616. Saraswat L, Bhattacharya S, Maheshwari A, Bhattacharya S: Maternal and perinatal outcome in ladies with threatened miscarriage inside the first trimester: a systematic assessment. BJOG 2010, 117(three):245?57. Shirangi A, Fritschi L, Holman CD: Associations of unscavenged anesthetic gases and lengthy functioning hours with preterm delivery in female veterinarians. Obstet Gynecol 2009, 113(five):1008?017. Bodin L, Axelsson G, Ahlborg G Jr: title= 1568539X-00003152 The association of shift work and nitrous oxide exposure in pregnancy with birth weight and gestational age. Epidemiology 1999, ten(four):429?36. Farrell T, Owen P: The significance of extrachorionic membrane separation in threatened miscarriage. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996, 103(9):926?28. Yorifuji T, Naruse H, Kashima S, Murakoshi T, Kato T, Inoue S, Doi H, Kawachi I: Trends of preterm birth and low birth weight in Japan: a one particular hospital-based study.