A Couple Of Secrets To Conveniently Simplify Thalidomide

Adjust the distance the bottle is from the box so the rat must make contact with the thermodes on its buccal, not vibrissa, region to be able to lick. Proper adjustment will result in a solid red box for licking above an outlined orange box for contacts. Proper placement of the reward bottle is vital for the assay. If the bottle is too close the rat check details will either lick without making a contact or to touch its nose to the reward bottle so that many licks will appear as only one (denoted by an outlined red box for licks instead of a solid box). Once the testing session is over the OPAD will alert the experimenter with a tone. Return the rodent to its cage. If another rodent is to be tested afterward the box will indicate its Animal ID. Repeat steps 4.5-4.7 as needed until the experiment is complete. 5. Analyzing, Graphing, and Statistical Analysis of Data with OPAD Software Under the subheading "Results" select whether to see a text, graph, or statistical analysis report. In the "Graph report settings" box, select which variable to ROCK inhibitor examine. For instance, under "Calculation results" check the "L/F" box. Specify "On the x-axis show" as "Time period" and "Show different series for" as "Treatment." Select "View the report". Saving, printing, copying, or emailing the report can be done at this time. Certain data points may be excluded in the box below the grouping step if needed. Under the subheading "Data" is an adjustable listing of the raw data from the experiment in spreadsheet form if needed. Note: all the data is now saved and can be manipulated and analyzed at a later time. 6. Clean Up Shut off the machine and remove cage wiring. Wash and sanitize the grate, box, bottle, and liquid tray. These components can be washed by hand or dishwasher. Representative Results Typical results are illustrated for a Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase single rodent's behavior on the OPAD in Figures 1A-D. The number of licks is high for every segment of the session at the neutral 33 ��C temperature, but low for aversive ones (45 ��C and 7 ��C) as illustrated in Figure 1A. As Figure 1B demonstrates, long bouts of contact are made at 33 ��C as is typical for non-nociceptive stimulus temperatures. The duration decreases and the number of contacts increase during periods where the temperatures are painful. Figure 1C is a diagram of the ramping protocol the OPAD was programmed to use for all test sessions. Figure 1D displays the total amount of reward ingested over time in grams. Similarly to the number of licks, animals prefer the neutral temperatures over the painful ones. The lick/face ratio (L/F) for the baseline session was calculated by the OPAD and is illustrated in Figure 1E. This ratio is much higher during the three non-painful 33 ��C sessions (20-46 licks per facial contact) than at the painful sessions of 45 ��C (3 licks per facial contact) and 7 ��C (1 lick per facial contact). A Repeated Measures One-Way ANOVA was significant (F(4,52)=6.2182, p