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Synovium-derived cells (SDCs) were cultured from the synovium of a rat knee, and were magnetically Doxorubicin supplier labeled with ferumoxides. M-SDCs were examined with a transmission electron microscope. A pellet culture system was used to evaluate the chondrogenic potential of M-SDCs in a magnetic field. In a rat model, allogeneic M-SDCs were injected into the knee after we made an osteochondral defect on the patellar groove and implanted an intra-articular magnet at the bottom of the defect. We histologically examined the defects at 48?h, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment. Electron microscopy showed the transfection of ferumoxides into SDCs. The pellet cultures revealed the chondrogenic potential of M-SDCs in a magnetic field. M-SDCs accumulated in the osteochondral defect at 48?h after treatment, and we confirmed the regeneration of the articular cartilage at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment using an intra-articular magnet. BML-190 We demonstrated that articular cartilage defects could be repaired using an intra-articular magnet and M-SDCs. We believe that this system will be useful to repair human articular cartilage defects. ? 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:531�C538, 2011 ""The purposes of the present study were to explore the surgical possibilities for replacement of the medial tibial plateau by a metallic implant in DAPT molecular weight a large animal model and to examine the implications for the opposing cartilage. In six goats, the medial tibial plateau of the right knee was replaced by a cobalt�Cchromium implant, using polymethylmethacrylate bone cement for fixation. The unoperated left knee served as a control. At 26 weeks after surgery, the animals were killed, and the joints evaluated macroscopically. Cartilage quality was analyzed macroscopically and histologically. Glycosaminoglycan content, synthesis, and release were measured in tissue and medium. All animals were able to move and load the knees without any limitations. Macroscopic articular evaluation scores showed worsening 26 weeks after inserting the implant (p?