Beneficial As well as , Attractive Nutlin-3 Ideas

In cases where the film is absent, only the caps of the plug are available for mass transfer and the interfacial area reduces by 3�C4 times [38]. Equilibrium extractions were also performed at room temperature with equal volumes of TBP/[C4mim][NTf2] (30%, v/v) and HNO3/dioxouranium(VI) to estimate the distribution coefficient (KU) (Eq. (14)). Mechanical shaking was applied for 3?h before the two phases were separated. equation(14) KU=Caq,init-Caq,eqCaq,eq Studies of dioxouranium(VI) extraction from nitric acid solutions to ionic liquids suggest different mechanisms for the extraction i.e. cation exchange, anion exchange and solvation, Forskolin cost depending on the nature of extractant, concentration of counteranion, structure of the ionic liquid and the aqueous phase composition [39]?and?[40]. In the current study, where TBP is used as extractant, and the nitric acid concentration is 3?M, the extraction proceeds via an anion exchange mechanism. UO22++3NO3-+2TBP+Tf2N-?[UO2(NO3)3(TBP)2]2-+Tf2N- The effect of mixture velocity on the mass transfer performance of the device can be seen in Fig. 3 for the three different channel sizes. The length of the channels was in all cases equal to Lch?=?10.5?cm. The results illustrate that for a given channel size as the mixture velocity increases the extraction efficiency decreases, selleck chemicals and that for the same mixture velocity the extraction efficiency is always higher as the channel size decreases. An increase in mixture velocity decreases the residence time available for mass transfer. At the same time, as the mixture velocity increases, the recirculation time within the plugs increases and consequently the mixing becomes more intense. In addition, the specific interfacial area available for mass transfer was found to be affected by both the mixture velocity and the channel size. For a given channel size, as the mixture velocity increases the interfacial area available for mass transfer also increases. Org 27569 This is because at higher mixture velocities shorter plugs are formed at the inlet due to the rapid penetration of one phase into the other [36]. Moreover, for a given mixture velocity the interfacial area available for mass transfer decreases as the channel size increases, because the plugs in the larger channels were found to be longer; thus a smaller number of segments is available in large channel compared to a small one for mass transfer. Considering two hemispherical caps in the front and back end of the plug the interfacial area depending on the Ca number can be calculated from [34] equation(15) ��p=��wp(Lp-wp)+��wp2LUCwch2for Ca>0.04 equation(16) ��p=4wp(Lp-wp)+��wp2LUCwch2for Ca