Disconcerting Processes To Rule Together With Reelin

Figure 1. Bacteria illumination setup. The laser was either CW Nd:YAG laser or Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser. On the left one may see the image of the experimental setup in which the laser is split between two tubes, one with antibiotics and one without it, in order to illuminate both of them in identical conditions. Both tubes are positioned on a stirrer. Schematic sketch of the experimental setup is seen in the right part of the figure. Figure 2. (a). Effect of CW-laser and gentamycin on P. aeruginosa. Samples were illuminated with a CW laser light (power of 100 mW) with and without gentamycin (50 ��g/ml). The average of 3 PLX-4720 research buy experiments is presented. (b). Effect of Q-switched laser and gentamycin on P. aeruginosa. Samples were illuminated with Q-switched laser light (1.65 MW) with and without gentamycin (50 ��g/ml) on P. aeruginosa viability. The average of 3 experiments is presented. Figure 3. The proposed catheter based device for the biomedical treatment against P. aeruginosa. The dots in the figure represent light scattering points causing the light to be diffused into the treated tissue. Figure 4. The absorption spectrum (in a.u.) around wavelength of 532 nm for: (a). The bacteria, (b). The gentamycin. Click here to view larger figure. Discussion Phototherapy has been a field of advanced multidisciplinary research in recent years emerging as a promising approach for treatment numerous diseases. In this context the use of light in the visible range has been extensively studied. For example, it has been found that infected wounds can be healed more effectively by exposing them to intense visible light for sterilization purposes. The mechanism of action for this approach was proven to be through the induction of light-induced oxygen radicals (ROS) which kill the bacteria11. Previous studies6 have demonstrated much higher amounts of ROS in bacteria illuminated with blue light than those induced by red and near infra red light. This explains why most evidence in the literature concentrates on the bactericidal effect of blue light. Another recent example for the use of laser light to fight resistant bacteria was demonstrated by Krespi et al.12. In that study laser generated shockwave technology was utilized to eradicate biofilms. By using a miniature Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and thin fibers, special probes generated plasma formation which produced shockwave effect. The authors showed that this method was able to effectively disrupt P. aeruginosa biofilms in vitro. The approach we have presented in this study was somewhat different13 as we attempted to increase the efficacy of non-photosensitizer antimicrobial agent using laser light.