Gossip, Manipulating Or GSK126

2%). Overall, four children (11.4%) died within 30?days of the first diagnostic blood culture; the 100-day mortality rate was the same. Three of the patients with a fatal course had a malignancy as underlying disease, accounting for a mortality rate in oncology/HSCT patients of 21.4% (not significant versus no malignancy/HSCT; chi-squared test). All four children who died had complicated candidaemia (severe sepsis/septic shock; dissemination) in comparison to six children (20.7%) among the survivors (p?GSK126 current clinical and microbiological epidemiology of Candida bloodstream infections among an unselected population of hospitalized paediatric patients. With the exception of premature birth and low birthweight, underlying conditions and comorbidities were not different from those of other general paediatric series [4,5,7,8,16�C18]. The pooled annual rate of candidaemia selleck compound was 0.47?cases/1000 hospital discharges with higher rates in oncology/HSCT patients (1.25/1000), neonates (0.75/1000), ICU patients (0.59/1000) and cardiology patients (0.51/1000). These incidence rates are within those reported in adults [1] but are five-fold to more than ten-fold lower than those reported for paediatric patients from the USA and Mediterranean countries, particularly for neonates Transducin [2,7,8,10,12]. The reasons for these differences are unknown but may be related to differences in socioeconomic features, rates of premature births, referral patterns, specialization and medical practices, as well as to design issues of the different surveys [1]. Similar to other general paediatric series [5,7,8,17,18], non-albicans Candida species accounted for the majority of isolates, with C.?albicans and C.?parapsilosis being the most frequent aetiological organisms. Resistance to approved first-line agents was limited to non-albicans Candida species, which is consistent with larger series that included from 120 to 200 Candida isolates [7,17,19]. Apart from a higher rate of primary combination therapy, the predominant use of amphotericin B and fluconazole in our study is in line with other contemporary reports [9,17] and reflective of the fact that newer agents were not approved in children at the time of the study. The majority of central venous catheters were removed with rate and timing being similar to those reported in other series [9,17,18]. Although the mean duration of all antifungal therapy per episode of 25?days was prolonged, this may indicate not only a severely ill patient population but also uncertainties about treatment endpoints. The frequency of severe sepsis/septic shock (27.