The Minute The World And Ku-0059436 Collide

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) requiring prompt diagnosis so that such life-threatening complications can be avoided. Conflict of Interests The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.""Fractures of the scapula and the first rib are quite rare [1�C4]. The fractures of the first rib require injuries of high energy due to its profound Sitaxentan location and good protection by the overlying soft tissue, clavicle, and scapula [3]. Similarly fractures of the scapula are scarce and constitute only about 1% of all fractures [4]. Although scapular and first rib fractures commonly occur with severe blunt trauma, first rib fractures can also be caused by sudden and powerful contraction of the muscles of the neck and stress fractures can also be seen [3, 5]. Scapular fractures can also develop due to muscle spasms, electrical shock, epileptic seizures, and metabolic imbalance [2]. In cases of high energy trauma caused first rib fractures, fatal complications of the neighboring structures such as subclavian vasculature, brachial plexus, and mediastinal contents. Early complications of the first rib fractures are pneumothorax, rupture of apex of lung, Horner's syndrome, injury of the brachial plexus, injury of the subclavian artery, pleurisy, trachea-esophageal fistula formation, aneurysm of the aortic arch, and abscess formation in the clavicular neighborhood [2]. Such complications are more common with unilateral fractures rather than bilateral ones. Thus, first rib fracture cases require immediate medical attention to evaluate the accompanying life-threatening injuries [1]. On physical examination, pulse deficit of the upper extremity, blood pressure difference between the upper and lower extremities, edema of the extremity, and motor and sensory neurological deficits must be carefully sought and CAT, magnetic resonance imaging, and electromyography studies must be applied in case of suspicion. In cases without neurovascular injuries, the choice of treatment is analgesia, bed rest, and hot compression. Late complications of the first rib fracture cases are thoracic outlet syndrome and nonunion [2]. Since the scapular fractures are related to high energy traumas like the first rib fractures, multiple system traumas may accompany the situation [3]. So the patients with the scapular fractures must be examined thoroughly starting with the thoracic cage. In physical examination of the scapula, local tenderness, swelling, and painful shoulder movements may be observed. The deformation of the scapula may lead to hematoma formation and rotator cuff injury, which is characterized by the weakness in the movement of shoulder joint [5]. High quality X-ray and CAT are preferred for the diagnosis of scapular fracture [4]. Three-dimensional reconstructions of CAT images may be helpful in detecting the exact type of fracture but it may be insufficient in the diagnosis of nondisplaced fractures.