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The incidence increased with age, being 6.8/100?000 per year in the age group 18�C34?years and 102.1/100?000 per year in the age group 75?years and older (p?selleck screening library with a single positive blood culture in 1995�C1999 (34/197, information missing for 19), 19.6% (44/225, information missing for 17) in 2000�C2004, and 17.5% (46/263) in 2005�C2008. The respective figures for polymicrobial episodes (excluding coagulase-negative staphylococci in one set) with S.?aureus growing in more than one blood culture bottle were 5.1% (10/197), 8.0% (18/225) and 5.3% (14/263) in the same periods. Of 721 infections, 334 (46.3%) were nosocomial, 105 (14.6%) healthcare-associated, and 282 (39.1%) community-acquired. Changes in these proportions were seen during the study period (Table?1). The median age of those with a nosocomial infection was 69.0?years (interquartile range (IQR)?55.0�C78.0), that of those with healthcare-associated infections EX 527 order was 62.0?years (IQR?46.5�C73.0), and that of those with community-acquired infections was 66.0?years (IQR 48.0�C75.0) (p?0.012). Of those with community-acquired infections, 2.5% later had a re-infection; the proportions for healthcare-associated and nosocomial infections were 7.7% and 8.2%, respectively (p?0.022). All-cause 30-day mortality was 17.1% (123/720, Vatalanib (PTK787) 2HCl one case lost to follow-up) and 365-day mortality was 33.0% (237/719, two cases lost to follow-up). Among SAB episodes with a single positive culture, the 30-day mortality was 17.7% (22/124). Fig.?2 shows changes in mortality during the study period. One-year survival curves for different time periods are shown in Fig.?3. The mortality rate was 4.26 deaths/100?000 adult population per year. It decreased by 64.3%, from 6.6 to 2.4 deaths/100?000 population per year, in the periods 1995�C1996 and 2007�C2008, respectively (p?0.048, linear trend over years). Increasing age was associated with higher SAB 30-day and 365-day mortalities. These were 0% (0/62) and 3.2% (2/62), respectively, among the patients 18�C34 years old, and 27.8% (58/209) and 47.8% (100/209), respectively, among those 75?years and older (p?