Ed shoot biomass of Meeker, Saanich, Willamette, Chemainus, Cascade Bounty, and

These benefits clearly demonstrate the need for pre-plant management of P. penetrans in fields where red raspberry is going to be planted. NEW DIPLOSCAPTER SP. (RHABDITIDA: DIPLOSCAPTERIDAE) In the NATIVE ANT, PROLASIUS ADVENUS, IN NEW ZEALAND. Zhao, Zeng Qi1, K.A. Davies2, E.C. Brenton-Rule3, J. Grangier3, M.A.M. Gruber3, R.M. GiblinDavis4, and Philip J. Lester3. 1Landcare Study, Private Bag 92170, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; two Australian Centre for Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity, School of Agriculture, Meals and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; 3Centre for Biodiversity and Restoration Ecology, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Which culminates in the {child|kid|youngster Wellington 6140, New Zealand; and 4University of Florida-IFAS, Fort Lauderdale Analysis and Education Center, 3205 College Ave., Davie, FL 33314. A newly-discovered species of Diploscapter sp. was recovered from dissections in the ant Prolasius advenus and from its nests from beech (Nothofagus) forests on the northern South Island as well as the southern North Island in New Zealand. Both the ant and its connected Diploscapter sp. appear to be native to New Zealand. This is a new host record for Diploscapter plus the first report of an ant associate from the southern hemisphere. Second-stage juveniles (J2) (based upon size in the gonad primordium) and J3 and J4s had been extracted from ant heads and free-living J3 and J4 juveniles had been collected from nest detritus, but no dauer juveniles have been observed. Associative juveniles of Diplogaster sp. were observed nictating, behaviour suggestive of host-seeking. Males were not recovered from ant nests or from cultured nematodes corroborating earlier reports that they are rare or absent within this genus. Adult females had been observed with bilateral symmetry in the head, characteristic dorsal and ventral projections with the putative cheilostom with Ghouts et al. 2001; Sakajo et al. 1993; Shi et al. 1999; Kirimura et paired hook-like structures or hamuli, expansive membranous lateral lip flaps or laciniae; gymnostom and stegostom with parallel walls; a swollen procorpus, significant terminal bulb with a robust valve; paired ovaries with medial vulva; along with a short conoid tail with slender pointed or spicate tip. Scanning electron micrographs on the head confirmed that the lateral laciniae with finger-like tines or filopodia are moveable (alternately covering and exposing the mouth). Th.Ed shoot biomass of Meeker, Saanich, Willamette, Chemainus, Cascade Bounty, and Anne grown in non-fumigated soil by at the very least 24 in comparison to those grown in fumigated soil. Root biomass of all the red raspberry varieties evaluated, at the same time as R. niveus and R. leucodermis was lowered by no less than 22 when grown in soil infested with P. penetrans in comparison to plants grown in fumigated soil. Immediately after six months, P. penetrans populations increased considerably on all varieties using the extremes being five,281 P. penetrans/g root recovered from Anne and 765 P. penetrans/g root recovered from R. niveus. There was a significant distinction (P 0.05) in between the number of P. penetrans/g root recovered from R. niveus in comparison with Anne, Cascade Bounty, Caroline, and Saanich. Irrespective of red raspberry variety, P. penetrans has the possible to considerably minimize plant development through establishment. Although R.