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13, 25, 37, 25%, respectively; proportion of trials in the baseline, spatiotopic, retinotopic, and object-centered conditions). In both experiments, the display regions were separated by a center-to-center distance of 9.63��. Observers�� task was to press the Y-key (on a German keyboard) when the target��s cut-off side was on the left and the N-key when the cut-off side was on the right, while responding as fast and accurately as possible. The dependent variables were: RTs, response errors, and oculomotor measures (i.e., saccade locations �C used to detect and exclude critical eye movement trials). Procedure Experiments 1 and 2 consisted of a practice session (three blocks of eight trials each; data not recorded) and two experimental sessions (horizontal and vertical presentations, 14 blocks �� 72 trials each = 2.016 trials in total). In both experiments, the fixation cross was presented on a white background for 1000 ms and followed by the search items (one target, two distractors) which remained on the screen until the observers issued their response. The inter-trial interval was 1000 ms. No error feedback was given. Each experimental session lasted approximately 1.5 h. Design and Analyses BGB324 supplier across the two experiments, positional priming effects (target facilitation, distractor inhibition) were investigated in four different reference frame conditions: (1) baseline condition, (2) retinotopic condition, (3) spatiotopic condition, and (4) object-centered condition. In the baseline condition, the fixation cross and the three search stimuli were presented in identical regions (e.g., the center region) across two trials. This condition was intended to provide a full measure of positional priming, as the search stimuli appeared at the very same (retinotopic, spatiotopic, and object-centered) locations across trials. Note that the term ��object�� here refers to the triangular configuration of the three search stimuli, which was identical across trials. In the retinotopic condition, the fixation cross and the search display would be located on, say, the left side of the screen on trial n-1, and on the right side on the subsequent trial (n). This would require participants to shift gaze from the left (i.e., the fixation cross on trial n-1) to the right (the fixation cross on trial n), and vice versa across other doublets of trials. Thus, in this condition only the retinotopic (and object-centered), but not the spatiotopic coordinates were identical across trials. In the spatiotopic condition, the fixation cross was located on, for example, the left side of the screen on trial n-1 and the right side on trial n; but across the two trials, the search display was located in the center of the screen.