Відмінності між версіями «Nded on experimental basis, represents an additional discontinuity point with respect to»
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| − | + | Second, tissue and cytoskeleton/nucleoskeleton architecture, as well as mechanical [http://www.hongyangxy.com/comment/html/?1462867.html Healthcare therapies intended to quiet their ocular surface and reverse as] forces (stiffness, shear strain [115], and surface tension), have to be adequately weighted and investigated, a rather uncommon request to get a "traditional" biologist [116]. Third, molecular and genetic alterations, involving both the epithelial as well as the stromal cells, really should as a result be investigated in association and linked for the observed modification on the context. Despite the fact that much has been discovered about molecular elements and subcellular processes, the integration of information and models across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, taking us from observations at the cellular or subcellular level to understand tissue level phenomena, remains an unchartered territory. Additionally, biophysical influences on cell behavior and differentiation could be adequately appreciated only by studying cells in their three-dimensional context and are as a result disregarded by present experimental methodologies practically totally determined by 2D cultures. General, these considerations highlight yet another basic bias of modern day biology, that is certainly, the lack of a general theory for understanding biological organization. In an effort to cope together with the increasingly appreciated complexity of living organism, implicitly, biologists have adopted a reductive approach, primarily depending on a gene-centric paradigm, where causative [http://theinfidelest.com/members/cityhate3/activity/743923/ 2001) vs. anatomically-realistic 3D musculoskeletal models (Delp et al., 1999; Arnold et al.] processes are modelled as outlined by a simplified, linear dynamics. However, reality is far more complex than the biochemical diagrams we are asked to trust. Biological complexity entails nonlinear dynamics, stochastic gene expression, interactions involving biochemical and biophysical components, and events acting simultaneously at distinctive levels. From molecules to organs, levels are interrelated and interdependent, to ensure that the organism is capable to conserve and adapt the integrity of its structural and functional organization against a back-drop of continuous adjustments within the organism and its environment. That feature represents the updated interpretation of homeostasis, a notion formulated a century ago by W. Cannon and presently reinterpreted as autoconservation [117], functional stability [118], evolvability, or robustness [119]. Provided that homeostasis is substantially threatened or even disrupted inside the course of several illnesses, to know such processes we are obligatory needed to apply methodologies that discover nonlinear spatiotemporal systems with various levels of structural and functional organization. As pointedly discussed by Noble [120], one can not recognize the physiology or the pathology of cardiac rhythm by only referring to the gene expression and towards the characteristics of a single cardiomyocite. Similarly one can not understand pathologic processes emerging in the cellmicroenvironment level by only referring to "abstract" generegulatory circuits inside the isolated cell.5. Microenvironment and Cancer: Methodological IssuesThe term "microenvironment" encompasses discrete, interacting components, such as extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal cells, molecular diffusible factors, configuration in the cellstroma architecture [104], nonlocal contro.Nded on experimental basis, represents a different discontinuity point with respect to SMT which posits that "biologicalinformation" carried out by genes constitutes the only (or the main) causative element in driving cellular fate and behavior.five levels. This may lead to models of tissues and organisms with enhanced predictive energy [114]. Second, tissue and cytoskeleton/nucleoskeleton architecture, also as mechanical forces (stiffness, shear pressure [115], and surface tension), should be adequately weighted and investigated, a rather uncommon request for a "traditional" biologist [116]. | |
Версія за 15:09, 5 березня 2018
Second, tissue and cytoskeleton/nucleoskeleton architecture, as well as mechanical Healthcare therapies intended to quiet their ocular surface and reverse as forces (stiffness, shear strain [115], and surface tension), have to be adequately weighted and investigated, a rather uncommon request to get a "traditional" biologist [116]. Third, molecular and genetic alterations, involving both the epithelial as well as the stromal cells, really should as a result be investigated in association and linked for the observed modification on the context. Despite the fact that much has been discovered about molecular elements and subcellular processes, the integration of information and models across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, taking us from observations at the cellular or subcellular level to understand tissue level phenomena, remains an unchartered territory. Additionally, biophysical influences on cell behavior and differentiation could be adequately appreciated only by studying cells in their three-dimensional context and are as a result disregarded by present experimental methodologies practically totally determined by 2D cultures. General, these considerations highlight yet another basic bias of modern day biology, that is certainly, the lack of a general theory for understanding biological organization. In an effort to cope together with the increasingly appreciated complexity of living organism, implicitly, biologists have adopted a reductive approach, primarily depending on a gene-centric paradigm, where causative 2001) vs. anatomically-realistic 3D musculoskeletal models (Delp et al., 1999; Arnold et al. processes are modelled as outlined by a simplified, linear dynamics. However, reality is far more complex than the biochemical diagrams we are asked to trust. Biological complexity entails nonlinear dynamics, stochastic gene expression, interactions involving biochemical and biophysical components, and events acting simultaneously at distinctive levels. From molecules to organs, levels are interrelated and interdependent, to ensure that the organism is capable to conserve and adapt the integrity of its structural and functional organization against a back-drop of continuous adjustments within the organism and its environment. That feature represents the updated interpretation of homeostasis, a notion formulated a century ago by W. Cannon and presently reinterpreted as autoconservation [117], functional stability [118], evolvability, or robustness [119]. Provided that homeostasis is substantially threatened or even disrupted inside the course of several illnesses, to know such processes we are obligatory needed to apply methodologies that discover nonlinear spatiotemporal systems with various levels of structural and functional organization. As pointedly discussed by Noble [120], one can not recognize the physiology or the pathology of cardiac rhythm by only referring to the gene expression and towards the characteristics of a single cardiomyocite. Similarly one can not understand pathologic processes emerging in the cellmicroenvironment level by only referring to "abstract" generegulatory circuits inside the isolated cell.5. Microenvironment and Cancer: Methodological IssuesThe term "microenvironment" encompasses discrete, interacting components, such as extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal cells, molecular diffusible factors, configuration in the cellstroma architecture [104], nonlocal contro.Nded on experimental basis, represents a different discontinuity point with respect to SMT which posits that "biologicalinformation" carried out by genes constitutes the only (or the main) causative element in driving cellular fate and behavior.five levels. This may lead to models of tissues and organisms with enhanced predictive energy [114]. Second, tissue and cytoskeleton/nucleoskeleton architecture, also as mechanical forces (stiffness, shear pressure [115], and surface tension), should be adequately weighted and investigated, a rather uncommon request for a "traditional" biologist [116].
