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Demineralized bone matrix also released detectable amounts of sclerostin into culture medium, while FGF-23 remained close to the detection limit. In vitro expanded isolated bone cells failed to release detectable amounts of sclerostin and FGF-23. These results suggest that autografts but also demineralized bone matrix can release signaling molecules that are characteristically produced by osteocytes. ""E. Pereira1, A. Messias2, R. Dias2, F. Judas2, A. Salvoni3, F. Guerra2 1Universidade de Coimbra, Lisboa, Portugal2Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal3Faculdade e Centro de Pesquisas Odontol��gicas S?o Leopoldo Mandic, S?o paulo, Brazil Background Reliable implant-supported rehabilitation of an alveolar ridge requires sufficient volume of bone in order to achieve success in aesthetic and functional aspects. Ceftiofur The loss of teeth normally leads to progressive and irreversible bone atrophy accompanied by bone volume diminution, more prominent in the first year. In an attempt to correct the maxillary bone defects, many techniques for bone reconstruction and grafting materials have been described extensively. The autologous bone have been considered the ��Gold Standard�� for large bone reconstructions, but is accompanied by some disadvantages such as the morbidity associated with graft harvesting often limit treatment recommendations and patient acceptance. Alternatively, allografts have been taking place in the choice of materials for bone reconstruction, due to their good availability, does not require donor site harvesting, the use of local anesthesia, are safe to use and have the ability to be osteoinductive and osteoconductive. this website 3-Methyladenine datasheet Aim/Hypothesis This prospective cohort study aims to clinically evaluate the amount of resorption using corticocancellous fresh-frozen onlay bone blocks allografts in the reconstruction of the severe atrophic maxilla. Material and methods A graft bone augmentation procedure of a total of 22 patients, partial and totally edentulous, was performed with fresh-frozen onlay bone blocks from the iliac crest under local anaesthesia. After 5?months of healing period, hundred and thirty submerged implants were inserted. Bone volume analysis and measurements were done before and after grafting as well as at the time of implant insertion using morphometric methods and CT-scans. Final fixed prosthesis was delivered?��?4?months later. Results A total of 98 onlay bone block allografts were used in 22 patients with an initial mean alveolar ridge width of 3.41?��?1.36?mm. In fifteen cases, simultaneous and additional vertical augmentation procedures were performed. Early exposure of three blocks was observed in two patients and one of these was completely resorbed. Mean horizontal bone gain was 3.63?��?1.28?mm, representing a significant volume augmentation (P?