Than in male. Abdominal sternum VIII with anteromedian keel (Fig. 18F

/ ZooKeys 478: 45?28 (2014)using a RG7800 side effects double ventro-basal row of lengthy filtering setae; tibio-tarsus (fused, but fusion line distinguishable) with 3 rows of filtering setae (2 on dorsal "face" and 1 on inner margin), tarsus slightly and bluntly projecting apically (arrow i.Than in male. Oval (ratio maximum length / maximum width = 1.4?.8), with two relatively large polar caps (ratio maximum with of egg/maximum width of uncoiled polar cap = 1.1?.five), formed by three? very lengthy coiled threads. Chorionic surface with substantial subcircular chorionic plates, in some cases each and every plate is divided in two? portions. Nymphs. Length (mm): physique, 9.7?five.0 mm; cerci, 4.0?.0; terminal filament, 5.0?five.1. Head suboval in dorsal view, smooth (without the need of pilose area); occipital region effectively developed, strongly convex (Figs 4C , bmjopen-2015-010112 14I ). Head capsule having a dorsal spine-like projection at bases of antennae. Antennae 1.1?.five occasions length of head (length of head taken from hind margin for the apex of clypeus); pedicel with tuft of setae on dorsum, flagellum with minute scattered setae; length (mm): scape (0.five), pedicel (0.28), flagellum (2.0). Frons with anterior margin far more or much less straight (arrow in Fig. 14J), using a compact blunt lateral projection ("a" in Fig. 14I), devoid of median projection. Clypeus and labrum tiny, membranous, with quite a few setae on dorsum of labrum. Mandibular tusks robust, relatively stout, left tusk (Fig. 14A , E) with 3 apical teeth, rising in size in the median (smallest), inner and outer; inner tooth slightly directed medially, other people directed distally; right tusk (Fig. 14F ) with 2 teeth, the inner shorter. Inner margin of both tusks with a rounded tiny tubercle near subapex in addition to a larger and pointed subbasal tubercle (connected using a tuft of rigid setae), this significant basal tubercle shows a little basal protuberance (giving the impression of a bifid tubercle but with among the sides aborted); ventral surface and outer margin of tusks with small rounded protuberances around the exceptionally challenging cuticle; dorsal surface of tusks with several setae and with a little basal tubercle; this modest dorsal tubercle is easily seen without having dissecting the mandible and offers an additional point of articulation in between the mandible and the head capsule ("a" and "b" in Fig. 14I). Incisors and prostheca of each mandibles really lowered in size, molae reasonably nicely created. Maxillae with a small subtriangular basal membranous "gill" (membranous outgrouth). Thorax. Anterior ring of pronotum (or collar sensu Kluge 2004) short (ca. 1/4 the length of posterior ring), anteriorly projecting as spines on lateral corners; posterior ring longer, ring-like. Legs (Fig. 15A , F ). Leg I (Fig. 15A ): femora quite wide, well developed,Phylogeny and jir.2014.0026 biogeography of Asthenopodinae with a revision of Asthenopus...Figure 15. Asthenopus nymphs. A. magnus: A foreleg, d.v. B identical, v.v. (arrow indicates apical projection of tibiotarsus) C middle leg, d.v. (arrow indicates distal brush on tibia) D hind leg E abdominal sterna IX (arrow indicates spine on paraproct). A. angelae: F hind femur, d.v. G foretarsal claw. A stereomicroscope photographs F light microscope photographs.Carlos Molineri et al.