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07% and 97.4?��?2.96%, respectively. The mean absolute recovery of the internal standard was 97.6?��?2.79%. All recoveries had a RSD less than 9.73% at three different concentrations, showing good assay consistency, precision and reproduction. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were within the acceptable range of ��15% and these results indicated that the method is accurate and precise. PLX4032 nmr Stability results showed good stability of nitrendipine in rat plasma under the indicated conditions. When this method is used, the analysis time for a single injection is just 4?min, therefore, the current UPLC�CMS/MS method was considered as an appropriate method for the simple, sensitive and rapid determination of nitrendipine in plasma. The mean plasma concentration-time curves and the key pharmacokinetic parameters are shown in Fig.?4 and Table 2, respectively. These results showed that the Cmax and AUC of the submicron emulsion were significantly increased (P?PDGFRB and nitrendipine solution, respectively. This similar finding as Kun Gao et?al. [18] suggested that incorporation of durg into lipid emulsion may increase its effective plasma concentration. The AUC0-t for nitrendipine submicron emulsion was 900.76?ng?h/ml, about 1.3-fold higher than that of nitrendipine solution. In summary, the submicron emulsion showed a faster and better pharmacokinetic profile than the solution. The plasma concentration-time curves revealed that the submicron emulsion shows a significantly higher plasma concentration after 45?min of injection than solution formulation. This phenomenon can be explained by the state of nitrendipine in the two formulations. In the solution, nitrendipine existing as the molecule state can be eliminated from plasma rapidly. But in the submicron emulsion, nitrendipine was entrapped into the interior oil phase, so it was slowly for the drug to release from the carrier. This result attributed to the effect of sustained-release, which was in agreement with the report [19]?and?[20]. And it did not have dose dumping phenomenon in?vivo. This selleck compound result meant that the NTD submicron emulsion also had good stability in?vivo compare with the results of stability studies in?vitro from Nana Zhao et?al. [13]. This paper established a rapid, sensitive and accurate UPLC�CMS/MS method to study the pharmacokinetics of netrendipine submicron emulsion in rats. The submicron emulsion showed a better absorption than the solution. The results suggest that it is a promising way to improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by the application of submicron emulsion. ""Currently, majority of the new drug molecules being discovered are lipophilic and exhibits poor water solubility which results in low bioavailability, intra and inter subject variation and lack of dose proportionality [1].