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F M+F M+F Population 111 19 001 567 74 841 0.80 Age, gender, residence Population 263 9 211 three 289 119 242 1.00 Population 7 172 9 682 two.30 none Gender, year of diagnosis, age at diagnosis Hospital 12 85 five 95 2.60 Age, gender, residence Population 64 509 241 1 890 0.80 Age, gender, race Population 39 89 164 348 0.90 Age, gender, race, residence Hospital 62 91 203 210 0.70 Age, gender, race, disease status Population 4 72 7 308 two.30 Age, registration year Non-RA RA Non-RA Year Country Sex Controls Situations OR Controlled Aspects Controls Pearce NE 1986 New Zealand Cohen HJ 1987 USA Nation Finland Denmark Finland England USA USA USA USA Sweden Denmark M+F 7 159 M+F 72 309 M+F 84 475 M M+F 2 982 two 94 64 81 four M+F 7 830 19 M+F 26 623 38 M+F 9 469 eight M+F 20 699 21 M+F 46 101 28 Sex HG 6-64-1 biological activity Cohort Size Quantity of MM SIR two.20 1.10 1.20 1.66 2.00 2.36 1.17 0.90 0.88 1.76 Follow-up Duration 213 911 144 421 65 391 151 987 33 410 7 791 27 years 405 540 731 954 24 811 Boffetta P 1989 USA Lewis DR 1994 USA Vlajinac HD 2003 Yugoslavia Landgren O 2006 USA Anderson LA 2009 USA Lindqvist EK 2011 Sweden Abbreviations: RA, rheumatoid arthritis; OR, odds ratio; CI, self-confidence intervals; M, male; F, female. Excludes research by the groups of Pearce, Landgren and Brown. Excludes studies by the groups of Pearce and Landgren. Abbreviations: N, number; RR, relative threat; NS, not substantial; CI, confidence interval. doi:ten.1371/journal.pone.0091461.t003 4 Several Myeloma in Rheumatoid Arthritis I2 72.9 54.6 75.7 71.3 72.7 64.three 61.four 80.9 67.3 72.0 75.9 70.four 77.7 80.four 71.2 eight.1 69.1 59.5 62.five 45.9 77.9 47.eight 80.6 Subgroup Overall Study design Analyses Cohort Case-control RR 1.32 0.92 1.ten 1.15 1.29 0.95 1.02 1.30 1.48 1.25 1.36 1.17 1.25 1.37 1.63 1.17 0.81 1.02 1.14 0.88 0.91 1.28 0.92 1.22 p-value,0.001 0.031,0.001,0.001,0.001 0.024 0.008,0.001 0.047 0.002,0.001 0.017,0.001,0.001 0.015 0.352 0.021 0.060 0.046 0.116 0.033 0.088 0.023 Publication year Prior to 2000 Following 2000 Study good quality Regiona NOS#5 NOS.5 USA Europe Cohort Publication year Just before 2000 Immediately after 2000 Study good quality NOS#5 NOS.five Area Mean follow-upb USA Europe ,five years $5 years Case-control Publication year Just before 2000 Immediately after 2000 Study high-quality Regiona NOS#5 NOS.five USA Europe Manage variety Population Hospital Abbreviations: N, number; M, male; F, female; RR, relative danger; NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.