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After administration of oral premedication, the children were made to relax along with their parents check details in an undisturbed area where there were some colourful toys. Here respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and pulse rate were monitored and recorded. The parameters assessed were level of sedation post premedication, ease of separation from parents and the behaviour during mask acceptance. The assessment was made by anaesthesia consultant in charge of the case (Observer 3) who was blinded to the premedication the child received. The level of sedation was graded by 5 point score [7] (1 = asleep not readily arousable, 2 = asleep responds slowly to gentle stimulation, 3 = drowsy readily responds, 4 = awake calm and quiet, Alizarin 5 = awake active). The behaviour at the time of separation from parents was assessed when the child was separated from parents to shift to operating room using the separation score [7] (1 = excellent-happily separated, 2 = good-separated without crying, 3 = fair-separated with crying, 4 = poor need for restraint). Score of ��2 were considered successful while score >2 were considered unsuccessful. Ketamine 3 mg/kg IM with glycopyrrolate (10 ?g/kg) was to be given if the separation was difficult. In the operation theatre, sedation score, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation and heart rate were noted before induction of anaesthesia. Inhalational induction with 33% oxygen in nitrous oxide and sevoflurane was done. Behaviour during face mask placement was assessed by cooperation score [7] (1 = cooperative, 2 = mildly resistant, 3 = resists placement of mask). Pulse rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation were monitored. Once the child was asleep an intravenous line was set up. Endotracheal intubation was facilitated selleck screening library with vecuronium bromide 0.1 mg/kg. Anaesthesia was maintained with O2(33%)-N2O-isoflurane and vecuronium. Analgesia was provided with intravenous fentanyl (1�C2 ?g/kg) and paracetamol suppository (20 mg/kg). The patients were transferred to postoperative recovery room and monitored. Side-effects of oral premedicants such as nausea, vomiting, hiccups, airway obstruction, restlessness, or slurring of speech were noted after the drug administration and in the recovery period. A previous study by Saarnivaara et al. compared chloral hydrate and midazolam premedication in children.[8] A sample size of 30 per group was arrived by assuming 30% difference in sedation score, at two-sided Type 1 error of 0.05 and power of 90%. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 16.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Science for windows; Version 16.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). Results were analysed using Student's t-test for parametric data and Mann�CWhitney U-test for nonparametric data. Significance level was set at P