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In contrast, there were no significant differences by preterm status in cortisol measured at any time of day in females. These findings point to potential long-term effects of having been born preterm on adult HPA-axis function, and add to evidence from this and other populations for sex differences in the biological and health impacts of prenatal stress exposure. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:598�C602, 2014. ? 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ""5851" "To compare the anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics of active and inactive adolescents in Saudi Arabia and Britain. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted at four cities in Saudi Arabia (Riyadh and Al-Khobar; N?=?1,648) and Britain (Birmingham and Coventry; N?=?1,158). The participants (14- to 18-year-olds) were randomly selected using a multistage stratified cluster sampling. Measurements included anthropometric Sitaxentan [BMI, Waist circumference (WC), Waist to height Anticancer Compound Library screening ratio], screen time, validated physical activity questionnaire and dietary habits. British males were lighter (P?=?0.04, 64.4 vs. 68.2 kg), and had lower values for WC (P?=?0.003, 77.1 vs. 78.7 cm) than Saudi males. Males (P?=?0.0001) were significantly more active than females but the difference between inactive Saudi and British females was greater than that between inactive Saudi and British males. Being female was significantly (P?ALK inhibitor levels, whereas increased frequency of consumption of French fries/potato chips was significantly (P?=?0.008) associated with increased activity levels in Saudi adolescents. Among British adolescents, lower frequency of breakfast was (P?=?0.045) associated with lower activity levels, increased frequency of consumption of sweetened beverages was significantly (P?=?0.005) associated with higher activity levels. Higher energy drinks intake frequency was significantly (P?=?0.007) associated with higher activity levels. The present study identifies crosscultural differences and similarities in lifestyle habits in adolescents from Britain and Saudi Arabia. Activity status (active vs. inactive) appears to play an important role in other lifestyle related behaviors, with active adolescent more likely to engage in healthy dietary behavior than their inactive peers, irrespective of country of origin. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 26:635�C642, 2014. ? 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. ""5852" "The Program for the Control of Intestinal Parasites and Nutrition was designed to intervene in small communities to prevent and control the effects of parasitic infections on children's health. Objectives: To analyze the association between nutritional status and parasitic infection in suburban and rural children from Buenos Aires, Argentina.