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Quantities of total HIF-1�� and VEGF proteins were determined in muscle cell lysates using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay (Quantikine R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Recombinant human HIF-1�� was used as total HIF-1�� standard (DuoSet IC; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). A seven-point standard curve using twofold serial dilutions with a high standard of 1000 pg ml?1 and a low standard of 15.625 pg ml?1 was used. A mix of protein lysis buffer and reagent diluent of the ELISA kit were used as the negative control. Finally, we added 50, 100 or 200 pg of the recombinant human HIF-1�� in muscle cell lysate to act as positive controls. Results are expressed as means ��s.e.m. The differences between the three muscle groups were assessed by using a one-way Saracatinib nmr ANOVA. If the ANOVA showed a significant difference, Student's paired t test with Bonferroni correction learn more was used as a post hoc test. Statistical analysis was performed using a statistical software package (SAS version 9.1.3; SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). A value of P published elsewhere (Plomgaard et al. 2006). Briefly, the highest percentage (68�C83%) of type I fibres is in the soleus (40�C56% in vastus lateralis and 20�C33% in triceps). Furthermore, MHCI mRNA content (twofold higher in soleus than in triceps muscle) is positively correlated with the percentage of type I fibres (P of type I fibres (P SKAP1 compared with the soleus muscle (P