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Finally, those having reported physical contact with the robber seem to be associated with higher scores in the IES-6 (avoidance: t=3.13, df =347, PIbrutinib concentration obtained by both the 15- and the 22-item versions. In addition, both posttraumatic factors, as well as the entire scale, seemed to be reliable. As far as convergent validity is concerned, the scale behaved as expected, because it was related to a similar construct (mental health disorder) and significantly related to hypothesized peritrauma variables. Indeed, both the total score and the three dimensions of the IES-6 were also found to be positively correlated with general health. Similarly, the associations MMP23B of the IES-6 with peritrauma variables generally tended to be consistent with previous findings in this area. Surprisingly, sex was not correlated with IES-R. This result follows a meta-analytic study in which sex had a limited association with PTSD.30 Finally, IES-6 correlated strongly with longer versions of the instrument. The potential of using a short instrument for PTSD, such as the IES-6 assessment, seems significant. PTSD measures might contain a number of items which are less specific to PTSD.14 If these items are superfluous, a shorter version of the instrument would better screen PTSD ��at risk�� individuals. Although our study has a number of strengths, it is not without limitations. First, we point out that the cross-sectional nature of the study does not allow for confirming the stability of the scale across time, and consequently, longitudinal studies are also needed for test�Cretest purposes. Indeed, our study was focused primarily on IES-6 construct validity using CFA. In addition, further validation studies are required in different samples of employees. Second, the questionnaire see more was administered 1 week postrobbery. Although this time frame was used in previous research, according to DSM-IV and DSM-5, the reactions in the first 48 hours (DSM-IV) and the first 72 hours (DSM-5) are normal transient ones and cannot be regarded as pathological posttraumatic stress reactions. Third, we administered the 22-item IES-R, from which we validated the 6-item version. This procedure limits the face validity of our study. However, we conclude that the IES-6 reported satisfactory reliability and validity. In addition, it can measure posttraumatic stress very accurately and fast.