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Inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation of all assays were all C646 supplier using the general linear models adjusted for age or the chi-square test. The mean dietary intakes of participants were compared across quartile categories of PI using general linear model with adjustment for age and energy intake. To assess the overall trends of the lipid and lipoprotein mean across PI quartiles, the median of PI in each quartile was used as a continuous variable in the logistic regression models. The mean of 3 years changes in lipid and lipoprotein levels were calculated as [(second levels?baseline levels)/baseline levels]. Multiple regression models were used to evaluate the association between dietary PI and changes in serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C and HDL-C. Subjects in the first PI quartile were considered as the reference group. To determine the association between each phytochemical-rich food groups with 3 years changes in lipid profile, we also categorized energy adjusted intakes of whole grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, soy, olives and olive oil, into quartiles. Mean change LDN-193189 purchase of each lipid profile measure associated with each category of dietary PI or phytochemical-rich food, compared with the reference group and their 95% CIs were estimated by using the multiple regression models with adjustment for potential confounder variables. The variables adjusted in the models were sex, age at baseline (years, continuous), body mass index (kg/m2, continuous), education (four categories), smoking (yes or no), physical activity (MET-h/week, continuous), total energy intake (kcal/d), dietary carbohydrate (% of energy), fat (% of energy), and protein (% Etomidate of energy). A linear trend test was performed by considering each ordinal score variable as a continuous variable in the model. All statistical analysis were conducted using the SPSS for Windows (version 16.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), with P-values