How Does Dactolisib Work?

12 The conceptual framework for this study is based on Anderson's behavioural model of health services use.13 The central concept of the framework is access, which means the actual use of personal healthcare services and everything that facilitates or impedes their use. This framework takes into account the contextual and individual determinants, which in turn are divided into predisposing and enabling characteristics. The individual determinants that refer the predisposing characteristics are age/gender, health needs. The enabling characteristics are those related to the capability of the individual to afford the services and the effective price of healthcare to the patient. The enabling characteristics in our study imply having HI, which in this case means to be Dactolisib molecular weight affiliated with SP or SS. The enabling characteristics might also be related to OOPHE. Under this framework, it is possible to learn about realised access, which means the actual use of services and reduction of OOPHE. This study analyses the effects of SS and SP HI on access to healthcare of older adults, and on the financial risk protection to their households, compared with each other and to those without HI. Nonetheless, we hypothesised that both HIs increase access to healthcare and provide financial protection against health expenditures. We also assumed that the effect on access and OOPHE of those affiliated to SS was higher (SSHI vs without HI) when compared indirectly with SP (SPHI vs without HI) due to the smaller package of benefits that SP provides to its affiliates. Methods Study design and data source A secondary data analysis was performed using the 2012 Mexican Survey of Health and Nutrition (ENSANUT 2012 for its acronym in Spanish). The survey has national, state and urban�Crural representativeness. ENSANUT 2012 used probability-based complex sample designs to collect data on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, health status and healthcare-related variables. The sample design followed a probabilistic multistage process. The specific details of the sampling approach are published elsewhere.14 All the information for the analysis comes from the ENSANUT 2012 household questionnaire. Variables The independent variable for this study was type of HI reported by older adults, with three categories: (1) SSHI (eg, IMSS and other SS institutions); (2) SP and other governmental non-contributory social SPHI (SP, IMSS-Oportunidades); (3) not having or not remembering if they have HI. For this analysis, this group was considered as older adults without HI. The study examined two main dependent variables: Older adults with access to healthcare were those who needed and reported having utilised healthcare services (modified from the method reported by Wagner et al).