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All authors contributed toward data analysis, AUY-922 clinical trial drafting and revising the paper and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.Body image is a person��s body-related self-perception, which includes perception, attitudes, thoughts, and behaviors.1 However, approximately 20%�C40% of females with a normal body mass index (BMI) perceive themselves as being overweight.2�C4 An urge to be thin or a false body image has been observed even in teens in various countries.5�C8 In addition, research in various countries has shown that females have a desire for thinness.9 A desire for thinness does not always lead to healthy behavior. For example, Brug et al reported that the threat of obesity may induce unnecessary weight loss behavior among Dutch females with a strong desire for thinness.10 Mendes et al reported that weight loss behavior involved only dietary restriction in Portuguese adolescents who had an urge to be thin.11 Inadequate dietary restrictions can result in undernutrition, which can lead to anemia, menstrual abnormalities, and osteoporosis.12�C14 Underweight females are potentially at a high risk for malnutrition, and, in particular, underweight people who drastically reduce their B3GAT3 body weight are at a high risk for undernourishment.15 There is also a risk that these individuals will develop eating disorders through repetitive dieting.16 Similar behavior has been observed in Japan. In Japan, the prevalence of underweight females has been observed to increase each year.17 The proportion of underweight females (BMI SCH 900776 molecular weight whereas that of obese or overweight females (BMI ��25.0 kg/m2) was 19.4%.17 These findings are in contrast with those observed in Western countries such as the United States, where the proportion of underweight people was 1.7% and that of overweight or obese people was 74.1%.18 Particularly, among Japanese females in their 20s, the proportion of underweight women was 21.8% in 2012.17 It has also been reported that young Japanese females tend to have a desire for thinness.19,20 In fact, in Japan, even if young females are not obese, they do not correctly recognize their proper body shape and tend to lose weight based on their desire for thinness.21 Ikeda reported that 81.2% of Japanese female students had a desire for thinness and 66.4% had a false body image.22 Mase et al reported that 51.7% of underweight Japanese female students had a desire for thinness.23 The mechanism underlying a false body image may include social comparison. The concept of social comparison was derived from the social comparison theory.