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Here we evaluated the use of serum cartilage metabolites as biomarkers for degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS). Fifty-two DLS patients with Cobb angle?>?10�� were compared with 19 control patients. Serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), keratan sulfate (KS), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), collagen type II cleavage (C2C), and procollagen type II C-propeptide (CPII) were measured. Serum levels of KS (DLS 1.20?��?0.44??g/ml vs. control 0.98?��?0.33??g/ml), CPII (DLS 1905.1?��?948.2?ng/ml vs. control 1223.6?��?884.4?ng/ml), and C2C (DLS 219.1?��?59.2?ng/ml vs. control 177.7?��?71.7?ng/ml) were significantly higher in DLS. There were no significant differences in the levels of HA or COMP. There was a significant positive correlation between the Cobb angle and CPII in DLS. This is the first study to evaluate the cartilage biomarkers in DLS. The results suggest DLS patients have higher levels of type II collagen Fulvestrant synthesis and degradation, indicated by elevated serum CPII and C2C, respectively. As type II collagen is a major component of collagens in the nucleus pulposus and facet joint cartilages, its enhanced turnover may be related to the development and progression of DLS. ? 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1249�C1253, 2012 ""Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are expressed in Dupuytren's contracture and play a role in matrix remodeling. We tested the role of tension on contractility Alizarin buy SB203580 and MMP expression in Dupuytren's nodule and cord cells. Cells were subjected to pre-determined loading patterns of known repeatable magnitudes (static load, unloading, and overloading) and tested for MMP gene expression (MMP-1, -2, -9, -13, and TIMP-1, -2) and force generation using a tension-culture force monitor. Matrix remodeling was assessed by addition of cytochalasin D and residual matrix tension was quantified. Nodule compared to cord and control cells demonstrate greater force generation and remodeling (p?