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00 vs. 7.19; t = 18.90, P this website of MDD assessed by the HAM-D and productivity measures, including partial absenteeism due to medical reasons and self-rated job performance, were reduced in repeated measures analysis of variance with a statistical significance Fluconazole (Table 4). Our results show that the employees with MDD lost more productive time due to both absenteeism and presenteeism than the comparison group and that this loss was reduced by short-term antidepressant treatment with supportive psychotherapy (Fig. 2). The employees with MDD missed approximately 25 hours during the past 4 weeks on average because of health problems, whereas the comparison group missed about 4 hours of work. The group with depression also had more absent days for reasons other than health. By definition, absenteeism caused by MDD does not include absences due to non-health reasons. Given the pervasive Paclitaxel in vitro mental and physical effects of MDD, it may contribute to nonhealth-related absences. For example, an employee's concern about any disadvantages they could get from being noticed for their depression could lead them to use personal leave rather than sick leave. In addition, employees may have already used up sick leave and must use other types of leave, such as personal leave. Thus, increased nonhealth-related absences can be considered as an alternate form of presenteeism. We have excluded absenteeism for non-health reasons from our calculation of LPT and related cost, but the loss would be more than our estimation had we included these. Our final annual cost of LPT due to absenteeism from MDD is estimated at $3680, which is 12.2% of the workers' average annual salary. Depressed workers rated their own work productivity as 32.3% lower than the comparison group on average. They also reported that their performance during the past 4 weeks as 22.2% lower than during the past year or 2 years. LPT from presenteeism due to MDD corresponds to 43.3 hours per 4 weeks.