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The model, referred to here as the memantine model, was developed to assess the cost effectiveness of memantine, find more a neuroprotective agent/drug that aims to preserve functional ability in more severely affected patients. The memantine model is a Markov model with 13 health states (including death) defined using severity level (moderate [MMSE score > 14], moderately severe [MMSE score 10�C14), and severe [MMSE score Microtubule Associated inhibitor with transitions between states calculated in a multiplicative manner; that is, by multiplying the respective transition probability for severity by the probability for dependency and the probability for care setting. Transition probabilities were based on disease severity (MMSE) at the beginning of each model cycle, with subsequent transitions for dependency and care setting being secondary to disease severity. The transition probabilities for AD severity are derived from placebo group data in a clinical trial [42]. Dependency transition probabilities are derived from the same clinical trial for more severe disease Fluconazole stages, and from a UK epidemiologic study [43] for moderate disease stages. Probabilities for care setting were based on data from both the UK cohort study [43] and a resource use study conducted alongside the randomized controlled trial [42]. When in an institutional care setting people remain in that setting. Mortality probabilities, as a function of disease severity using the MMSE, were taken from the cohort study. Jones et al. [41] applied this baseline model of AD progression to evaluate the effects of memantine compared to placebo (controls), adjusting transition probabilities in the memantine-treated cohort using randomized controlled trial data [42]. There have been other applications of the memantine model [41], [44], [45], [46]?and?[47] and its application in cost-effectiveness analyses is discussed in some detail by Kirby et al. [48]. Fenn and Gray [49] modelled AD progression using statistical methods (survival analysis techniques) to estimate the time to event data for changes in cognitive scores (MMSE), and to predict the subsequent time taken for people to move from one level of AD severity to the next, with severity based on cognitive functioning (MMSE). The model used three health states defined using MMSE scores: mild (21�C30), moderate (11�C20), and severe (��10).