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Long-term antiarrhythmic therapy (AAT) in these patients has significant shortcomings. The safety and efficacy of pulmonary http://www.selleckchem.com/products/pci-32765.html vein antrum isolation (PVAI) for the treatment of AF in CHD is presently unknown. Hypothesis.? We hypothesized that PVAI for AF in patients with CHD is effective and safe. Methods.? We reviewed a prospective cohort of 4315 patients (age �� 18) undergoing PVAI for drug refractory AF at a single institution and identified 36 consecutive patients with CHD (single ventricle physiology, tetralogy of Fallot, coarctation of the aorta, ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects (ASD) and cardiomyopathy resulting from anomalous origin of the left main coronary from the pulmonary artery). A second cohort of 355 consecutive patients with noncongenital structural heart disease (NSHD) (coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, ejection fraction MK-2206 purchase two months after PVAI in the absence AAT until the end of follow-up. Partial success was defined as freedom from AF in the presence of AAT until the end of follow-up. Combined success was defined as the sum of success and partial success. We compared the outcomes with the use of propensity-score matching in the overall cohort. Results.? Patients with NSHD were older and had higher prevalence of hypertension (P TRIB1 a higher risk of vascular site complications in patients with CHD (8% vs. 1%, P