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For example, in a patient with a relatively normal tract connecting the right thalamus to LMTK2 the right ACC (Patient 1: 1.17% voxels with abnormal MD, 0% abnormal FA), the result of individual tractography was similar to the result based on the template approach (Fig.?3a). In contrast, in a patient with a large amount of damage to this tract (Patient 5: 28.81% voxels with abnormal MD, 7.19% abnormal FA), individual tractography produced a highly atypical result, with voxels extending far outside the probable anatomical location of this tract (Fig.?3b). Since there were no gross abnormalities visible on standard structural imaging in this region, this is likely to be a spurious result. The most likely explanation is that assumptions built Romidepsin mw into the tractography algorithm about the white matter structure are violated in the presence of white matter damage. A similar finding is illustrated for the tract connecting the left thalamus to the left inferior frontal gyrus tract (Fig.?4). The output of individual tractography corresponds with the template location for a patient with little damage (Patient 1: 0.69% voxels with abnormal MD, 0% abnormal FA), whereas, in a patient with very abnormal tract white matter (Patient 6: 47.96% of voxels with abnormal MD, 27.35% abnormal FA), the individual tractography failed almost completely to reproduce the location of the mean tract (Fig.?4b). With the template approach, the estimated number of voxels with abnormal MD values in TBI patients was consistently higher than with the individual tractography approach (see Fig.?5). For MD, ANOVA showed a main effect of the analysis technique (F(1,20)?=?6.89, P?selleck products between abnormal tract MD derived using the template approach, and the discrepancy between MD values derived from both techniques (��?=?0.89, P?