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Hemogram, liver function test, and renal function learn more test were normal. Subsets with diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism were excluded. Analytic methods Serum chemistries were performed on autoanalyzer (Imola? Randox, UK) within 24 h of sample collection. Serum GH was measured by immunoradiometric assay using commercially available kit (IRMA GH; ?2015 Beckman Coulter, Inc. IMMUNOTECH S.T.O.) with analytical sensitivity of 0.10 mIU/L. Serum IGF-1 was done with (IRMA-IGF-1; Beckman Coulter) after extraction. Analytical sensitivity was 4.5 ng/mL, intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was ��5.6% and ��8.3%, respectively. Serum testosterone was done Gefitinib using radioimmunoassay and had analytical sensitivity of 0.02 ng/ml and below 15% and 5.6% was inter- and intra-assay CV. Serum cortisol, PRL, T4, FT4, and insulin were done using chemiluminescent assay (IMMULITE? 1000, SIEMENS) which had an analytical sensitivity of 5.5 nmol/L, 11 mIU/L, 1.67pmol/L, and 2 ?IU/ml, respectively. HbA1c was done using (Bio-Rad Variant? II, hemoglobin A1c Program, USA) which utilizes principles of ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. The range of average values was 3.5�C18.6%. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were defined as per the American Diabetes Association guidelines.[24] IR was determined with the HOMA by HOMA-IR.[25] HOMA-IR = fasting serum insulin (mU/L) �� fasting serum glucose (mg/dl)/(22.5 �� 18). We used HOMA-IR GUCY1B3 values higher than 2.5 for indicating IR based on published literature.[26] Statistical methods Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Komlogorov�CSmirnov test or Shapiro-Wilks test was used to assess the normal distribution. Continuous variables were expressed as a mean �� standard deviation. Z-test of proportion was done to compare proportions between two groups (cases vs. control). Chi-square test and Fischer Exact test were used to assess the association or to compare two categorical values. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine various parameters known to affect the presence of a polyp. Those which were significant on univariate analysis were then analyzed using multiple regression. Independent sample t-test or Mann�CWhitney test was used to compare variables between two groups. A P